महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-139, verse-22

प्राप्य चापि महद्राज्यं तदहं मधुसूदन ।
स्फीतं दुर्योधनायैव संप्रदद्यामरिंदम ॥२२॥

22. prāpya cāpi mahadrājyaṁ tadahaṁ madhusūdana ,
sphītaṁ duryodhanāyaiva saṁpradadyāmariṁdama.

22. prāpya ca api mahat rājyaṃ tat ahaṃ madhusūdana
sphītaṃ duryodhanāya eva saṃpradadyām ariṃdama

22. madhusūdana ariṃdama ca api mahat sphītaṃ tat rājyaṃ prāpya,
ahaṃ duryodhanāya eva saṃpradadyām

22. O Madhusūdana, O subduer of enemies, even after obtaining that great and prosperous kingdom, I would indeed bestow it upon Duryodhana alone.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, after obtaining

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes the concession "even if I obtain". (even, also, although)

• महत् (mahat) - Qualifies the kingdom as significant. (great, large, extensive)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - Refers to the kingdom being discussed. (kingdom, sovereignty)

• तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'rājyam'. (that)

• अहम् (aham) - Refers to Karna (the speaker). (I)

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - Refers to Krishna. (O killer of Madhu, O Krishna)

• स्फीतम् (sphītam) - Describes the kingdom as thriving. (prosperous, extensive, swollen)

• दुर्योधनाय (duryodhanāya) - The recipient of the kingdom. (to Duryodhana)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes that Duryodhana would be the sole recipient. (indeed, only, just)

• संप्रदद्याम् (saṁpradadyām) - I would give, I would bestow

• अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - Refers to Krishna. (O subduer of enemies, O conqueror of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, after obtaining

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - Emphasizes the concession "even if I obtain". (even, also, although)

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - Qualifies the kingdom as significant. (great, large, extensive)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, noble

Present Active Participle (masculine/neuter stem)

From root mah (to be great).

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājyam'.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - Refers to the kingdom being discussed. (kingdom, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

From 'rājan' (king) + 'ya' suffix.

Note: Direct object of 'prāpya'.

तत् (tat) - Refers back to 'rājyam'. (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Co-refers with 'rājyam'.

अहम् (aham) - Refers to Karna (the speaker). (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'saṃpradadyām'.

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - Refers to Krishna. (O killer of Madhu, O Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu (an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna)

Compound of Madhu (demon's name) and Sūdana (slayer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey; name of a demon
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – destroying, crushing, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  From root sūd (to kill, to destroy).
  Root: sūd (class 10)

स्फीतम् (sphītam) - Describes the kingdom as thriving. (prosperous, extensive, swollen)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sphīta

sphīta - prosperous, thriving, extensive, swollen, plump

Past Passive Participle

From root sphāy (to swell, grow).

Root: sphāy (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājyam'.

दुर्योधनाय (duryodhanāya) - The recipient of the kingdom. (to Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - name of the eldest Kaurava prince, difficult to fight

Compound: 'dur' (difficult) + 'yodhana' (fighter).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• yodhana – fighting, warrior, fighter
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Recipient.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes that Duryodhana would be the sole recipient. (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

संप्रदद्याम् (saṁpradadyām) - I would give, I would bestow

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of saṃpradā

Optative mood, first person singular, active voice

From root 'dā' (to give) with prefixes 'sam' and 'pra'.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Expresses a potential or desired action.

अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - Refers to Krishna. (O subduer of enemies, O conqueror of foes)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes (epithet)

Compound: 'ari' (enemy) + 'dama' (subduer). Formed with the verbal root 'dam' (to subdue) in a nominal compound.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – taming, subduing; a subduer
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to tame, subdue).
  Root: dam (class 1)