महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-255, verse-8

पार्थः पञ्चशताञ्शूरान्पार्वतीयान्महारथान् ।
परीप्समानः सौवीरं जघान ध्वजिनीमुखे ॥८॥

8. pārthaḥ pañcaśatāñśūrānpārvatīyānmahārathān ,
parīpsamānaḥ sauvīraṁ jaghāna dhvajinīmukhe.

8. pārthaḥ pañcaśatān śūrān pārvatīyān mahārathān
parīpsamānaḥ sauvīram jaghāna dhvajinīmukhe

8. Arjuna (Pārtha), intending to protect Sauvira, killed five hundred brave mountaineer great charioteers in the vanguard of the army.

Words meanings summery:

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pritha

• पञ्चशतान् (pañcaśatān) - five hundred

• शूरान् (śūrān) - brave ones, heroes

• पार्वतीयान् (pārvatīyān) - mountain-dwellers, mountaineers

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers

• परीप्समानः (parīpsamānaḥ) - desiring to protect, wishing to save

• सौवीरम् (sauvīram) - the king of Sauvira (Sauvira)

• जघान (jaghāna) - killed

• ध्वजिनीमुखे (dhvajinīmukhe) - in the vanguard of the army

Words meanings and morphology

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, son of Pritha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna

पञ्चशतान् (pañcaśatān) - five hundred

(numeral)

Note: Used as an adjective agreeing with 'śūrān'

शूरान् (śūrān) - brave ones, heroes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant; a hero, warrior

पार्वतीयान् (pārvatīyān) - mountain-dwellers, mountaineers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārvatīya

pārvatīya - mountainous, living in mountains; a mountaineer

Derived from 'parvata' (mountain)

Note: Agrees with 'śūrān' and 'mahārathān'

महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, great charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – a chariot; a charioteer (often implied in compounds)
  noun (masculine)

परीप्समानः (parīpsamānaḥ) - desiring to protect, wishing to save

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parīpsamāna

parīpsamāna - desiring to obtain or protect

Present Middle Participle (Desiderative)

Desiderative stem of √āp (to obtain) with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'pārthaḥ'

सौवीरम् (sauvīram) - the king of Sauvira (Sauvira)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sauvīra

sauvīra - name of a country or its king

जघान (jaghāna) - killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of han

Root verb

Root: han (class 2)

ध्वजिनीमुखे (dhvajinīmukhe) - in the vanguard of the army

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of dhvajinīmukha

dhvajinīmukha - the front of an army, vanguard

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhvajinī+mukha)

• dhvajinī – an army, host
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth; front, chief part, vanguard
  noun (neuter)