महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-3, chapter-255, verse-3
शिबिसिन्धुत्रिगर्तानां विषादश्चाप्यजायत ।
तान्दृष्ट्वा पुरुषव्याघ्रान्व्याघ्रानिव बलोत्कटान् ॥३॥
तान्दृष्ट्वा पुरुषव्याघ्रान्व्याघ्रानिव बलोत्कटान् ॥३॥
3. śibisindhutrigartānāṁ viṣādaścāpyajāyata ,
tāndṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghrānvyāghrāniva balotkaṭān.
tāndṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghrānvyāghrāniva balotkaṭān.
3.
śibisiṃdhutrigartānām viṣādaḥ ca api ajāyata tān
dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghrān vyāghrān iva balotkaṭān
dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghrān vyāghrān iva balotkaṭān
3.
Sorrow also arose among the Śibis, Sindhus, and Trigartas upon seeing those exceedingly strong men, who were like tigers among men, fierce like actual tigers.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शिबिसिंधुत्रिगर्तानाम् (śibisiṁdhutrigartānām) - of the Śibis, Sindhus, and Trigartas
- विषादः (viṣādaḥ) - sorrow (sorrow, despondency, dejection)
- च (ca) - also (and, also)
- अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)
- अजायत (ajāyata) - arose (arose, was born, happened)
- तान् (tān) - those (men/heroes) (them, those)
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen)
- पुरुषव्याघ्रान् (puruṣavyāghrān) - tiger-like men (heroes) (tiger-like men, foremost of men, heroes)
- व्याघ्रान् (vyāghrān) - (actual) tigers (tigers)
- इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as)
- बलोत्कटान् (balotkaṭān) - exceedingly strong (exceedingly strong, mighty, powerful)
Words meanings and morphology
शिबिसिंधुत्रिगर्तानाम् (śibisiṁdhutrigartānām) - of the Śibis, Sindhus, and Trigartas
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of śibisiṃdhutrigarta
śibisiṁdhutrigarta - the Śibis, Sindhus, and Trigartas (names of tribes/regions)
Compound type : dvandva (śibi+siṃdhu+trigarta)
- śibi – the Śibis (a tribe)
proper noun (masculine) - siṃdhu – the Sindhus (a tribe/region)
proper noun (masculine) - trigarta – the Trigartas (a tribe/region)
proper noun (masculine)
विषादः (viṣādaḥ) - sorrow (sorrow, despondency, dejection)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣāda
viṣāda - sorrow, despondency, dejection
From prefix "vi-" + root "sad" (to sink)
Prefix: vi
Root: sad (class 1)
च (ca) - also (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
अजायत (ajāyata) - arose (arose, was born, happened)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of jan
Imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person singular, middle voice. Root undergoes internal sandhi and reduplication in various forms.
Root: jan (class 4)
तान् (tān) - those (men/heroes) (them, those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - upon seeing (having seen)
(indeclinable)
absolutive/gerund
Formed by adding suffix -tvā to the root dṛś.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
पुरुषव्याघ्रान् (puruṣavyāghrān) - tiger-like men (heroes) (tiger-like men, foremost of men, heroes)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of puruṣavyāghra
puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, foremost of men, hero (simile)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (puruṣa+vyāghra)
- puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
noun (masculine) - vyāghra – tiger
noun (masculine)
व्याघ्रान् (vyāghrān) - (actual) tigers (tigers)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vyāghra
vyāghra - tiger
इव (iva) - like (like, as if, as)
(indeclinable)
बलोत्कटान् (balotkaṭān) - exceedingly strong (exceedingly strong, mighty, powerful)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of balotkaṭa
balotkaṭa - exceedingly strong, mighty, powerful, overcome with strength
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+utkaṭa)
- bala – strength, power, force
noun (neuter) - utkaṭa – excessive, violent, pre-eminent, mighty
adjective (masculine)
From prefix "ud" + root "kaṭ" (to divide, cut - but more likely here derived as 'overflowing, exceeding')
Prefix: ud
Root: kaṭ (class 1)
Note: Describes `puruṣavyāghrān` and `vyāghrān`.