महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-28, verse-20

तं दृष्ट्वा विस्मितो राजा जगाम शिरसा कविम् ।
चक्रे प्रसादं च तदा तस्य राज्ञो विभावसुः ॥२०॥

20. taṁ dṛṣṭvā vismito rājā jagāma śirasā kavim ,
cakre prasādaṁ ca tadā tasya rājño vibhāvasuḥ.

20. tam dṛṣṭvā vismitaḥ rājā jagāma śirasā kavim
cakre prasādam ca tadā tasya rājñaḥ vibhāvasuḥ

20. Having seen him, the astonished king approached the seer with a bowed head. Then, Vibhāvasu (the fire god) bestowed his grace upon that king.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (the fire god) (him, that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

• विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished (astonished, surprised, amazed)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (King Soma) (king)

• जगाम (jagāma) - he approached (he went, he approached)

• शिरसा (śirasā) - with a bowed head (with the head, by the head, bowing the head)

• कविम् (kavim) - the seer (referring to the fire god as an epithet of Agni) (seer, poet, wise man)

• चक्रे (cakre) - he bestowed, he granted (he made, he did)

• प्रसादम् (prasādam) - grace, favor (grace, favor, kindness, tranquility)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• तस्य (tasya) - his, that (king's) (his, of him, of that)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (of the king, by the king)

• विभावसुः (vibhāvasuḥ) - the fire god (an epithet of Agni) (fire, sun, fire god)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (the fire god) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root dṛś + tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: A gerund (absolutive) is an indeclinable verbal derivative.

विस्मितः (vismitaḥ) - astonished (astonished, surprised, amazed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vi-smi-ta

vismita - astonished, surprised, amazed

Past Passive Participle

from root smi (to smile, wonder) with upasarga vi + ta suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rājā.

राजा (rājā) - the king (King Soma) (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

जगाम (jagāma) - he approached (he went, he approached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

शिरसा (śirasā) - with a bowed head (with the head, by the head, bowing the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top

Note: Often used adverbially to mean 'bowing'.

कविम् (kavim) - the seer (referring to the fire god as an epithet of Agni) (seer, poet, wise man)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kavi

kavi - seer, poet, wise man

चक्रे (cakre) - he bestowed, he granted (he made, he did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रसादम् (prasādam) - grace, favor (grace, favor, kindness, tranquility)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - clearness, serenity, favor, grace, kindness

from pra-sad (to be clear, calm, gracious)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - his, that (king's) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (of the king, by the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Note: Qualifies 'tasya'.

विभावसुः (vibhāvasuḥ) - the fire god (an epithet of Agni) (fire, sun, fire god)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhāvasu

vibhāvasu - fire, sun, fire god, wealthy in light

compound: vibhā (light, splendor) + vasu (wealth, good)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vibhā+vasu)

• vibhā – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (feminine)
• vasu – wealth, goods, treasure, excellent
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'cakre'.