महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-28, verse-17

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तत्र माहिष्मतीवासी भगवान्हव्यवाहनः ।
श्रूयते निगृहीतो वै पुरस्तात्पारदारिकः ॥१७॥

17. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tatra māhiṣmatīvāsī bhagavānhavyavāhanaḥ ,
śrūyate nigṛhīto vai purastātpāradārikaḥ.

17. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tatra māhiṣmatīvāsī bhagavān
havyavāhanaḥ śrūyate nigṛhītaḥ vai purastāt pāradārikaḥ

17. Vaishampayana replied: 'It is said that the divine Agni, the carrier of oblations, who resided in Māhiṣmatī, was indeed formerly apprehended as an adulterer.'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaishampayana (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• माहिष्मतीवासी (māhiṣmatīvāsī) - inhabitant of Māhiṣmatī

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - divine, worshipful, glorious, Lord

• हव्यवाहनः (havyavāhanaḥ) - Agni (carrier of oblations)

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - it is heard, it is said

• निगृहीतः (nigṛhītaḥ) - arrested, restrained, captured

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - formerly, previously, in front of

• पारदारिकः (pāradārikaḥ) - an adulterer, one who has relations with another's wife

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaishampayana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaishampayana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyasa)

Note: The speaker of this verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

3rd person singular Perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + tral suffix

माहिष्मतीवासी (māhiṣmatīvāsī) - inhabitant of Māhiṣmatī

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māhiṣmatīvāsin

māhiṣmatīvāsin - residing in Māhiṣmatī, an inhabitant of Māhiṣmatī

Noun formed from Māhiṣmatī (name of a city) + vāsin (dweller)

Compound type : tatpurusha (māhiṣmatī+vāsin)

• māhiṣmatī – Māhiṣmatī (name of a city)
  proper noun (feminine)
• vāsin – dweller, inhabitant, residing
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √vas (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'havyavāhanaḥ'.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - divine, worshipful, glorious, Lord

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - divine, worshipful, glorious, blessed, Lord

From bhaga + matup suffix

Note: Qualifies Agni.

हव्यवाहनः (havyavāhanaḥ) - Agni (carrier of oblations)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of havyavāhana

havyavāhana - carrier of oblations, Agni (the fire god)

Compound meaning 'carrying (vāhana) sacrificial offerings (havya)'

Compound type : tatpurusha (havya+vāhana)

• havya – offering, oblation, that which is to be offered
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Gerundive of √hu (to offer)
  Root: hu (class 3)
• vāhana – carrier, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √vah (to carry)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: The subject of 'śrūyate' and 'nigṛhītaḥ'.

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - it is heard, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śru

Present Passive

3rd person singular Present Passive

Root: śru (class 5)

निगृहीतः (nigṛhītaḥ) - arrested, restrained, captured

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nigṛhīta

nigṛhīta - arrested, restrained, captured

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of ni-√grah (to seize, restrain)

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

पुरस्तात् (purastāt) - formerly, previously, in front of

(indeclinable)

From puras (before) + tasil suffix

पारदारिकः (pāradārikaḥ) - an adulterer, one who has relations with another's wife

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāradārika

pāradārika - adulterer, having relations with another's wife

From paradāra (another's wife) + ṭhañ suffix

Note: Predicate nominative for Agni.