महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-134, verse-54

आपन्नो रिपुसंस्थो वा ब्रह्मशापार्दितोऽपि वा ।
आपद्धर्माननुप्रेक्ष्य तत्कार्यमविशङ्कया ॥५४॥

54. āpanno ripusaṁstho vā brahmaśāpārdito'pi vā ,
āpaddharmānanuprekṣya tatkāryamaviśaṅkayā.

54. āpannaḥ ripu-saṃsthaḥ vā brahma-śāpa-arditaḥ api
vā | āpad-dharmān anuprekṣya tat kāryam aviśaṅkayā

54. āpannaḥ vā ripu-saṃsthaḥ vā brahma-śāpa-arditaḥ api vā,
āpad-dharmān anuprekṣya,
tat kāryam aviśaṅkayā.

54. Even if he (the husband) is in distress, held captive by enemies, or afflicted by a brahmin's curse, she should, by observing the intrinsic nature (dharma) of urgent situations, carry out that instruction without hesitation.

Words meanings summery:

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - in distress (distressed, afflicted, having obtained, fallen into)

• रिपु-संस्थः (ripu-saṁsthaḥ) - held captive by enemies (in the enemy's hands, residing with enemies)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• ब्रह्म-शाप-अर्दितः (brahma-śāpa-arditaḥ) - afflicted by a brahmin's curse

• अपि (api) - even if (even, also, too)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• आपद्-धर्मान् (āpad-dharmān) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of urgent situations (the natural laws (dharma) for times of adversity/emergency)

• अनुप्रेक्ष्य (anuprekṣya) - by observing (having considered, having observed)

• तत् (tat) - that (command, referring to the husband's instruction from the previous verse) (that, his)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - (that) instruction, (that) deed (to be done, duty, action, work, instruction)

• अविशङ्कया (aviśaṅkayā) - without hesitation (without doubt, without hesitation, fearlessly)

Words meanings and morphology

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - in distress (distressed, afflicted, having obtained, fallen into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - distressed, afflicted, obtained, fallen into

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √āp (to obtain, fall into, reach) with `ā` prefix.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Refers to the husband.

रिपु-संस्थः (ripu-saṁsthaḥ) - held captive by enemies (in the enemy's hands, residing with enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ripu-saṃstha

ripu-saṁstha - staying with enemies, in the power of enemies

Compound of `ripu` (enemy) and `saṃstha` (standing, situated, residing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ripu+saṃstha)

• ripu – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• saṃstha – standing, situated, residing, existing in
  adjective (masculine)
  From `sam` + `sthā` (to stand)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the husband.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्म-शाप-अर्दितः (brahma-śāpa-arditaḥ) - afflicted by a brahmin's curse

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahma-śāpa-ardita

brahma-śāpa-ardita - tormented by a brahmin's curse

Compound of `brahma-śāpa` (brahmin's curse) and `ardita` (afflicted).

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahma-śāpa+ardita)

• brahma – Brahmin, sacred knowledge, Brahman
  noun (neuter)
• śāpa – curse, imprecation
  noun (masculine)
  From √śap (to curse)
  Root: śap (class 1)
• ardita – afflicted, tormented, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of √ṛd (to pain, trouble), or √ard (to harass)
  Root: ṛd / ard (class 6)

Note: Refers to the husband.

अपि (api) - even if (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with `vā` to mean 'even if... or'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

आपद्-धर्मान् (āpad-dharmān) - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of urgent situations (the natural laws (dharma) for times of adversity/emergency)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āpad-dharma

āpad-dharma - emergency dharma, duty in distress, law for adverse times

Compound of `āpad` (calamity, distress) and `dharma` (natural law, duty).

Compound type : tatpurusha (āpad+dharma)

• āpad – calamity, misfortune, distress
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: pad (class 4)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `anuprekṣya`.

अनुप्रेक्ष्य (anuprekṣya) - by observing (having considered, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From `anu` + `pra` + `īkṣ` (to see, perceive). Used for prior action.

Prefixes: anu+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (command, referring to the husband's instruction from the previous verse) (that, his)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'kāryam'.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - (that) instruction, (that) deed (to be done, duty, action, work, instruction)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, business, instruction

Gerundive

Gerundive of √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The subject of an implied verbal action ('should be done').

अविशङ्कया (aviśaṅkayā) - without hesitation (without doubt, without hesitation, fearlessly)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of aviśaṅkā

aviśaṅkā - freedom from doubt/fear, absence of hesitation

From `a` (negation) + `vi` + `śaṅkā` (doubt, fear).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+viśaṅkā)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• viśaṅkā – doubt, suspicion, fear
  noun (feminine)
  From `vi` + √śaṅk (to doubt)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: Adverbial usage.