महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-134, verse-1

महेश्वर उवाच ।
परावरज्ञे धर्मज्ञे तपोवननिवासिनि ।
साध्वि सुभ्रु सुकेशान्ते हिमवत्पर्वतात्मजे ॥१॥

1. maheśvara uvāca ,
parāvarajñe dharmajñe tapovananivāsini ,
sādhvi subhru sukeśānte himavatparvatātmaje.

1. maheśvara uvāca parāvarajñe dharmajñe tapovananivāsini
sādhvi subhru sukeśānte himavatparvatātmaje

1. maheśvara uvāca.
he parāvarajñe! he dharmajñe! he tapovananivāsini! he sādhvi! he subhru! he sukeśānte! he himavatparvatātmaje!

1. Maheśvara said: O knower of both the higher and the lower truths, O knower of natural law (dharma), O dweller in the sacred forest (tapovana), O virtuous one, O lady with beautiful eyebrows, O lady with beautiful hair, O daughter of the Himavat mountain!

Words meanings summery:

• महेश्वर (maheśvara) - Great Lord, Lord Shiva

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• परावरज्ञे (parāvarajñe) - O knower of higher and lower, O knower of superior and inferior

• धर्मज्ञे (dharmajñe) - O knower of natural law (dharma)

• तपोवननिवासिनि (tapovananivāsini) - O dweller in the penance grove/sacred forest

• साध्वि (sādhvi) - O virtuous one, O chaste lady

• सुभ्रु (subhru) - O one with beautiful eyebrows

• सुकेशान्ते (sukeśānte) - O one with beautiful hair-ends, O beautiful-haired lady

• हिमवत्पर्वतात्मजे (himavatparvatātmaje) - O Parvati (O daughter of the Himavat mountain)

Words meanings and morphology

महेश्वर (maheśvara) - Great Lord, Lord Shiva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord (an epithet of Shiva)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, god
  noun (masculine)
  From root īś (to rule, command)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Irregular perfect formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

परावरज्ञे (parāvarajñe) - O knower of higher and lower, O knower of superior and inferior

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of parāvarajña

parāvarajña - knower of the higher and lower (truths/realities)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+avara+jña)

• para – higher, superior, other
  adjective
• avara – lower, inferior, later
  adjective
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the goddess.

धर्मज्ञे (dharmajñe) - O knower of natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of `dharma` (natural law, righteousness)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the goddess.

तपोवननिवासिनि (tapovananivāsini) - O dweller in the penance grove/sacred forest

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of tapovananivāsin

tapovananivāsin - dweller in an ascetic grove, inhabitant of a hermitage

Agent noun from `nivās` (to dwell) with compound `tapovana`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapovana+nivāsin)

• tapas – penance, asceticism, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• vana – forest, grove
  noun (neuter)
• nivāsin – dweller, inhabitant
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root `vas` (to dwell) with prefix `ni` and suffix `in`.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Refers to the goddess.

साध्वि (sādhvi) - O virtuous one, O chaste lady

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of sādhvī

sādhvī - virtuous woman, chaste woman, saintly lady

Feminine form of `sādhu` (good, virtuous).

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Refers to the goddess.

सुभ्रु (subhru) - O one with beautiful eyebrows

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of subhrū

subhrū - having beautiful eyebrows

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+bhrū)

• su – good, beautiful, well
  indeclinable
• bhrū – eyebrow
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to the goddess.

सुकेशान्ते (sukeśānte) - O one with beautiful hair-ends, O beautiful-haired lady

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of sukeśānta

sukeśānta - having beautiful hair-ends, beautiful-haired

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+keśa+anta)

• su – good, beautiful, well
  indeclinable
• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)
• anta – end, limit, vicinity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the goddess.

हिमवत्पर्वतात्मजे (himavatparvatātmaje) - O Parvati (O daughter of the Himavat mountain)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of himavatparvatātmajā

himavatparvatātmajā - daughter of the Himavat mountain (Parvati)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (himavat+parvata+ātmajā)

• himavat – Himavat (the Himalayas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• parvata – mountain
  noun (masculine)
• ātmajā – daughter (born of oneself)
  noun (feminine)
  Feminine of ātmaja, derived from ātman + jan (to be born).
  Prefix: ātman
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Parvati.