महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-96, verse-29

क्षत्रधर्मं समास्थाय व्यपेतभयसंभ्रमः ।
निवर्तयामास रथं शाल्वं प्रति महारथः ॥२९॥

29. kṣatradharmaṁ samāsthāya vyapetabhayasaṁbhramaḥ ,
nivartayāmāsa rathaṁ śālvaṁ prati mahārathaḥ.

29. kṣatradharmam samāsthāya vyapetabhayasaṃbhramaḥ
nivartayāmāsa ratham śālvam prati mahārathaḥ

29. Having adopted the kṣatriya dharma, free from fear and confusion, that great charioteer (Bhishma) turned his chariot towards Salva.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the kṣatriya dharma (the dharma of a kṣatriya)

• समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having adopted (having resorted to, having adopted, having taken up)

• व्यपेतभयसंभ्रमः (vyapetabhayasaṁbhramaḥ) - free from fear and confusion (free from fear and agitation)

• निवर्तयामास (nivartayāmāsa) - turned back (caused to turn back, turned back)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• शाल्वम् (śālvam) - Salva (the king) (Salva)

• प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, to)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - that great charioteer (Bhishma) (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षत्रधर्मम् (kṣatradharmam) - the kṣatriya dharma (the dharma of a kṣatriya)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - the dharma (duty/conduct) of a kṣatriya (warrior class)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – warrior, kṣatriya class, rule, power
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – duty, righteousness, law, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'samāsthāya'

समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having adopted (having resorted to, having adopted, having taken up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root sthā (to stand) with upasargas sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Participial form modifying the implicit subject (Bhishma)

व्यपेतभयसंभ्रमः (vyapetabhayasaṁbhramaḥ) - free from fear and confusion (free from fear and agitation)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyapetabhayasaṃbhrama

vyapetabhayasaṁbhrama - devoid of fear and agitation, free from panic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyapeta+bhaya+saṃbhrama)

• vyapeta – gone away, removed, departed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with upasargas vi and apa
  Prefixes: vi+apa
  Root: i (class 2)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
• saṃbhrama – agitation, confusion, haste
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mahārathaḥ' (Bhishma)

निवर्तयामास (nivartayāmāsa) - turned back (caused to turn back, turned back)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nivartayāmāsa

Perfect tense, causative, active voice

From root vṛt (to turn) with upasarga ni and causative suffix -ay, then periphrastic perfect formation with āmāsa

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Object of 'nivartayāmāsa'

शाल्वम् (śālvam) - Salva (the king) (Salva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - King of Salva, name of a country/people

Note: Object of 'prati'

प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, to)

(indeclinable)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - that great charioteer (Bhishma) (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhishma, the subject