महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-96, verse-18

सूतोपकॢप्तान्रुचिरान्सदश्वोद्यतधूर्गतान् ।
रथानास्थाय ते वीराः सर्वप्रहरणान्विताः ।
प्रयान्तमेकं कौरव्यमनुसस्रुरुदायुधाः ॥१८॥

18. sūtopakḷptānrucirānsadaśvodyatadhūrgatān ,
rathānāsthāya te vīrāḥ sarvapraharaṇānvitāḥ ,
prayāntamekaṁ kauravyamanusasrurudāyudhāḥ.

18. sūtopakḷptān rucirān sadaśvodyatadhūrgatān
rathān āsthāya te vīrāḥ
sarvapraharaṇānvitāḥ prayāntam
ekam kauravyam anusasruḥ udāyudhāḥ

18. Those heroes, fully armed, mounted splendid chariots that were prepared by charioteers and drawn by excellent horses yoked to the pole. With weapons raised, they followed the one Kuru prince who was proceeding forward.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतोपकॢप्तान् (sūtopakḷptān) - arranged by charioteers, provided by charioteers

• रुचिरान् (rucirān) - beautiful, splendid, gleaming

• सदश्वोद्यतधूर्गतान् (sadaśvodyatadhūrgatān) - drawn by excellent horses yoked to the pole

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having taken a stand, having resorted to

• ते (te) - the warriors (they)

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, warriors

• सर्वप्रहरणान्विताः (sarvapraharaṇānvitāḥ) - endowed with all weapons, fully armed

• प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - going forth, proceeding

• एकम् (ekam) - one, single

• कौरव्यम् (kauravyam) - Duryodhana (implied by context of Mahābhārata war) (of the Kuru dynasty, a Kuru prince)

• अनुसस्रुः (anusasruḥ) - followed, pursued

• उदायुधाः (udāyudhāḥ) - with uplifted weapons, having weapons raised

Words meanings and morphology

सूतोपकॢप्तान् (sūtopakḷptān) - arranged by charioteers, provided by charioteers

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sūtopakḷpta

sūtopakḷpta - prepared/arranged by charioteers

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : Tatpurusha (sūta+upakḷpta)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sū (class 2)
• upakḷpta – arranged, prepared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kḷp (to arrange, be fit) with prefix upa
  Prefix: upa
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rathān'.

रुचिरान् (rucirān) - beautiful, splendid, gleaming

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rucira

rucira - beautiful, splendid, pleasant

From root ruc (to shine, be pleasing)

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rathān'.

सदश्वोद्यतधूर्गतान् (sadaśvodyatadhūrgatān) - drawn by excellent horses yoked to the pole

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sadaśvodyatadhūrgata

sadaśvodyatadhūrgata - drawn by excellent horses yoked to the pole

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sat+aśva+udyata+dhūr+gata)

• sat – good, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• udyata – raised, ready, yoked
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yam (to restrain, hold) with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)
• dhūr – yoke, pole of a carriage
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dhūrv (class 1)
• gata – gone, arrived, being in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rathān'.

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: rādh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted, having taken a stand, having resorted to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā + suffix -ya (for absolutive)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Connects mounting chariots to the subsequent action of following.

ते (te) - the warriors (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, this

Note: Subject of 'anusasruḥ'.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'te'.

सर्वप्रहरणान्विताः (sarvapraharaṇānvitāḥ) - endowed with all weapons, fully armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvapraharaṇānvita

sarvapraharaṇānvita - endowed with all weapons

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sarva+praharaṇa+anvita)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• praharaṇa – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  From root hṛ (to seize) with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• anvita – accompanied by, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with prefixes anu + ā
  Prefixes: anu+ā
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'te' and 'vīrāḥ'.

प्रयान्तम् (prayāntam) - going forth, proceeding

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prayānt

prayānt - going forth, proceeding

Present Active Participle

From root yā (to go) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Describes the Kuru prince's action.

एकम् (ekam) - one, single

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, a certain

Note: Specifies that it was a single Kuru prince.

कौरव्यम् (kauravyam) - Duryodhana (implied by context of Mahābhārata war) (of the Kuru dynasty, a Kuru prince)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, a Kuru prince

From Kuru with patronymic suffix

Note: Object of 'anusasruḥ'.

अनुसस्रुः (anusasruḥ) - followed, pursued

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of sṛ

Perfect

Root sṛ (to run) with prefix anu (after) in Perfect 3rd person plural

Prefix: anu

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

उदायुधाः (udāyudhāḥ) - with uplifted weapons, having weapons raised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udāyudha

udāyudha - having uplifted weapons, with raised weapons

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (ud+āyudha)

• ud – up, out
  indeclinable
• āyudha – weapon
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'te' and 'vīrāḥ'.