महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-96, verse-34

लाघवं तस्य ते दृष्ट्वा संयुगे सर्वपार्थिवाः ।
अपूजयन्त संहृष्टा वाग्भिः शाल्वं नराधिपाः ॥३४॥

34. lāghavaṁ tasya te dṛṣṭvā saṁyuge sarvapārthivāḥ ,
apūjayanta saṁhṛṣṭā vāgbhiḥ śālvaṁ narādhipāḥ.

34. lāghavam tasya te dṛṣṭvā saṃyuge sarvapārthivāḥ
apūjayanta saṃhṛṣṭāḥ vāgbhiḥ śālvam narādhipāḥ

34. Having witnessed his (Shalva's) agility in battle, all those delighted kings, the lords of men, praised Shalva with words.

Words meanings summery:

• लाघवम् (lāghavam) - lightness, swiftness, agility, skill, dexterity

• तस्य (tasya) - (referring to Shalva) (his, of him, that)

• ते (te) - (referring to the kings) (those)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in encounter

• सर्वपार्थिवाः (sarvapārthivāḥ) - all the kings, all the rulers of earth

• अपूजयन्त (apūjayanta) - they honored, they worshipped, they praised

• संहृष्टाः (saṁhṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, overjoyed, excited

• वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - with words, by speech

• शाल्वम् (śālvam) - Shalva

• नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - lords of men, kings

Words meanings and morphology

लाघवम् (lāghavam) - lightness, swiftness, agility, skill, dexterity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - lightness, agility, swiftness, skill, dexterity, quickness

From laghu (light, swift) with aṇ suffix.

Root: lagh

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā.

तस्य (tasya) - (referring to Shalva) (his, of him, that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Shalva's agility.

ते (te) - (referring to the kings) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) with ktvā suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat, in encounter

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, encounter, conflict

From sam-yuj (to join together).

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

सर्वपार्थिवाः (sarvapārthivāḥ) - all the kings, all the rulers of earth

(compound noun)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+pārthiva)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
  Pronominal adjective.
• pārthiva – king, ruler of the earth (literally, 'belonging to the earth')
  noun (masculine)
  From pṛthivī (earth) with aṇ suffix.
  Root: pṛth

Note: Subject of apūjayanta.

अपूजयन्त (apūjayanta) - they honored, they worshipped, they praised

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pūj

Imperfect

From root pūj (to honor). 3rd person plural Atmanepada.

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Atmanepada verb.

संहृष्टाः (saṁhṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, overjoyed, excited

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃhṛṣṭa

saṁhṛṣṭa - delighted, overjoyed, excited, glad, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with sarvapārthivāḥ.

वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - with words, by speech

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Instrument of praise.

शाल्वम् (śālvam) - Shalva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - Shalva (name of a king)

Note: Object of apūjayanta.

नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - lords of men, kings

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi-pā (to protect, rule over).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Appositive to sarvapārthivāḥ.