महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-96, verse-25

ततस्तं पृष्ठतो राजञ्शाल्वराजो महारथः ।
अभ्याहनदमेयात्मा भीष्मं शांतनवं रणे ॥२५॥

25. tatastaṁ pṛṣṭhato rājañśālvarājo mahārathaḥ ,
abhyāhanadameyātmā bhīṣmaṁ śāṁtanavaṁ raṇe.

25. tataḥ tam pṛṣṭhataḥ rājan śālvarājaḥ mahārathaḥ
abhyāhanat ameyātmā bhīṣmam śāntanavam raṇe

25. Then, O king, the formidable King of Salva, a great charioteer, attacked Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, from behind in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• तम् (tam) - him (Bhishma) (him, that)

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind (from the back, behind)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O king)

• शाल्वराजः (śālvarājaḥ) - King of Salva

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great charioteer (great charioteer, warrior)

• अभ्याहनत् (abhyāhanat) - attacked (attacked, struck)

• अमेयात्मा (ameyātmā) - formidable one (referring to Salva) (whose self is immeasurable, formidable, of unbounded spirit)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (Bhishma) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind (from the back, behind)

(indeclinable)

From pṛṣṭha (back) + suffix -tas (from, indicating position/direction)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शाल्वराजः (śālvarājaḥ) - King of Salva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śālvarāja

śālvarāja - King of Salva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śālva+rāja)

• śālva – name of a country or its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great charioteer (great charioteer, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

अभ्याहनत् (abhyāhanat) - attacked (attacked, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyāhan

Imperfect tense, active voice

Root han (to strike, kill), with upasargas abhi and ā

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: han (class 2)

अमेयात्मा (ameyātmā) - formidable one (referring to Salva) (whose self is immeasurable, formidable, of unbounded spirit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ameyātman

ameyātman - whose self is immeasurable, of unbounded spirit, formidable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+meya+ātman)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• meya – measurable, to be measured
  adjective
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root mā (to measure)
  Root: mā (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for śālvarājaḥ

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), terrible, formidable

Note: Object of 'abhyāhanat'

शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu

Patronymic from Shantanu

Note: Epithet for Bhishma

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)