महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-96, verse-25

ततस्तं पृष्ठतो राजञ्शाल्वराजो महारथः ।
अभ्याहनदमेयात्मा भीष्मं शांतनवं रणे ॥२५॥

25. tatastaṁ pṛṣṭhato rājañśālvarājo mahārathaḥ ,
abhyāhanadameyātmā bhīṣmaṁ śāṁtanavaṁ raṇe.

25. tataḥ tam pṛṣṭhataḥ rājan śālvarājaḥ mahārathaḥ
abhyāhanat ameyātmā bhīṣmam śāntanavam raṇe

25. Then, O king, the formidable King of Salva, a great charioteer, attacked Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, from behind in battle.

25. הו מלך, אז תקף מלך שָׁאלְוַה, לוחם מרכבה דגול ובעל רוח עצומה, את בְּהִישְׁמַה בן שַׁנְטַנוּ מאחור בקרב,

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• तम् (tam) - him (Bhishma) (him, that)

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind (from the back, behind)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O king)

• शाल्वराजः (śālvarājaḥ) - King of Salva

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great charioteer (great charioteer, warrior)

• अभ्याहनत् (abhyāhanat) - attacked (attacked, struck)

• अमेयात्मा (ameyātmā) - formidable one (referring to Salva) (whose self is immeasurable, formidable, of unbounded spirit)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (Bhishma) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind (from the back, behind)

(indeclinable)

From pṛṣṭha (back) + suffix -tas (from, indicating position/direction)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

शाल्वराजः (śālvarājaḥ) - King of Salva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śālvarāja

śālvarāja - King of Salva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śālva+rāja)

• śālva – name of a country or its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great charioteer (great charioteer, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

अभ्याहनत् (abhyāhanat) - attacked (attacked, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyāhan

Imperfect tense, active voice

Root han (to strike, kill), with upasargas abhi and ā

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: han (class 2)

अमेयात्मा (ameyātmā) - formidable one (referring to Salva) (whose self is immeasurable, formidable, of unbounded spirit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ameyātman

ameyātman - whose self is immeasurable, of unbounded spirit, formidable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+meya+ātman)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• meya – measurable, to be measured
  adjective
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From root mā (to measure)
  Root: mā (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for śālvarājaḥ

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), terrible, formidable

Note: Object of 'abhyāhanat'

शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu

Patronymic from Shantanu

Note: Epithet for Bhishma

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse