महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-89, verse-50

निषधश्च महातेजास्तथा जाम्बूनदो बली ।
कुण्डोदरः पदातिश्च वसातिश्चाष्टमः स्मृतः ।
सर्वे धर्मार्थकुशलाः सर्वे भूतहिते रताः ॥५०॥

50. niṣadhaśca mahātejāstathā jāmbūnado balī ,
kuṇḍodaraḥ padātiśca vasātiścāṣṭamaḥ smṛtaḥ ,
sarve dharmārthakuśalāḥ sarve bhūtahite ratāḥ.

50. niṣadhaḥ ca mahātejāḥ tathā jāmbūnadaḥ
balī kuṇḍodaraḥ padātiḥ ca
vasātiḥ ca aṣṭamaḥ smṛtaḥ sarve
dharmārthakuśalāḥ sarve bhūtahite ratāḥ

50. Also Niṣadha, the very energetic, and likewise Jāmbūnada, the powerful, along with Kuṇḍodara and Padāti. Vasāti is remembered as the eighth. All of them were adept in dharma and artha, and all were devoted to the welfare of all beings.

Words meanings summery:

• निषधः (niṣadhaḥ) - Niṣadha (a proper name)

• च (ca) - and

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly energetic, very resplendent

• तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, likewise)

• जाम्बूनदः (jāmbūnadaḥ) - Jāmbūnada (a proper name)

• बली (balī) - powerful, strong

• कुण्डोदरः (kuṇḍodaraḥ) - Kuṇḍodara (a proper name)

• पदातिः (padātiḥ) - Padāti (a proper name)

• च (ca) - and

• वसातिः (vasātiḥ) - Vasāti (a proper name)

• च (ca) - and

• अष्टमः (aṣṭamaḥ) - eighth

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is remembered/named (remembered, called, named)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• धर्मार्थकुशलाः (dharmārthakuśalāḥ) - skilled in dharma and artha

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• भूतहिते (bhūtahite) - in the welfare of beings

• रताः (ratāḥ) - devoted (devoted, engaged, pleased)

Words meanings and morphology

निषधः (niṣadhaḥ) - Niṣadha (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣadha

niṣadha - Niṣadha (a proper name, also a mountain range)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly energetic, very resplendent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - great splendor, great energy, very powerful, glorious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, energy, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Niṣadha.

तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, likewise)

(indeclinable)

जाम्बूनदः (jāmbūnadaḥ) - Jāmbūnada (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāmbūnada

jāmbūnada - Jāmbūnada (a proper name, also 'gold from the Jambu river')

बली (balī) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - powerful, strong, mighty

Possessive suffix -in.

Note: Refers to Jāmbūnada.

कुण्डोदरः (kuṇḍodaraḥ) - Kuṇḍodara (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuṇḍodara

kuṇḍodara - Kuṇḍodara (a proper name, lit. 'pot-bellied')

पदातिः (padātiḥ) - Padāti (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padāti

padāti - Padāti (a proper name, also 'foot-soldier')

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वसातिः (vasātiḥ) - Vasāti (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasāti

vasāti - Vasāti (a proper name, also 'dwelling, abode')

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अष्टमः (aṣṭamaḥ) - eighth

(numeral)

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is remembered/named (remembered, called, named)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, called, named

Past Passive Participle

From root smṛ (to remember).

Root: smṛ (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: Functions as an adjective here, referring to 'the sons'.

धर्मार्थकुशलाः (dharmārthakuśalāḥ) - skilled in dharma and artha

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmārthakuśala

dharmārthakuśala - skilled in dharma and artha, proficient in righteousness and material well-being

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+artha+kuśala)

• dharma – dharma, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, prosperity
  noun (masculine)
• kuśala – skilled, proficient, expert, well-being
  adjective (masculine)

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

Note: Functions as an adjective here, referring to 'the sons'.

भूतहिते (bhūtahite) - in the welfare of beings

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhūtahita

bhūtahita - welfare of beings, beneficent to creatures

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+hita)

• bhūta – being, creature, existed
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhū (to be, exist).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• hita – welfare, benefit, good
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā (to place), indicating 'well-placed, beneficial'.
  Root: dhā (class 3)

रताः (ratāḥ) - devoted (devoted, engaged, pleased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rata

rata - devoted, engaged in, delighted in

Past Passive Participle

From root ram (to delight, be pleased).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use with locative 'bhūtahite'.

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