महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-89, verse-32

व्यशीर्यत ततो राष्ट्रं क्षयैर्नानाविधैस्तथा ।
क्षुन्मृत्युभ्यामनावृष्ट्या व्याधिभिश्च समाहतम् ।
अभ्यघ्नन्भारतांश्चैव सपत्नानां बलानि च ॥३२॥

32. vyaśīryata tato rāṣṭraṁ kṣayairnānāvidhaistathā ,
kṣunmṛtyubhyāmanāvṛṣṭyā vyādhibhiśca samāhatam ,
abhyaghnanbhāratāṁścaiva sapatnānāṁ balāni ca.

32. vyaśīryata tataḥ rāṣṭram kṣayaiḥ
nānāvidhaiḥ tathā kṣut mṛtyubhyām anāvṛṣṭyā
vyādhibhiḥ ca samāhatam abhyaghnan
bhāratān ca eva sapatnānām balāni ca

32. Then the kingdom disintegrated, afflicted by various kinds of calamities. It was overwhelmed by hunger, death, drought, and diseases. Furthermore, the forces of the enemies attacked and struck down the Bharatas.

Words meanings summery:

• व्यशीर्यत (vyaśīryata) - disintegrated (disintegrated, perished, was shattered)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the kingdom (kingdom, realm, country)

• क्षयैः (kṣayaiḥ) - by destructions (by destructions, by calamities, by ruins)

• नानाविधैः (nānāvidhaiḥ) - of various kinds (of various kinds, manifold, diverse)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• क्षुत् (kṣut) - hunger

• मृत्युभ्याम् (mṛtyubhyām) - by hunger and death (by death)

• अनावृष्ट्या (anāvṛṣṭyā) - by drought (by drought, by want of rain)

• व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by diseases (by diseases, by ailments)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• समाहतम् (samāhatam) - overwhelmed (struck, afflicted, overwhelmed)

• अभ्यघ्नन् (abhyaghnan) - they attacked and struck down (they attacked, they struck down)

• भारतान् (bhāratān) - the Bharatas

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, even (indeed, just, only)

• सपत्नानाम् (sapatnānām) - of the enemies

• बलानि (balāni) - the forces (forces, armies, strengths)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यशीर्यत (vyaśīryata) - disintegrated (disintegrated, perished, was shattered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of śṝ

Imperfect Passive

3rd person singular, middle voice, imperfect tense, with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: śṝ (class 9)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the kingdom (kingdom, realm, country)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, country, dominion

Note: Can also be accusative singular. Here, it is the subject of 'vyaśīryata'.

क्षयैः (kṣayaiḥ) - by destructions (by destructions, by calamities, by ruins)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, ruin, loss, decline, end

Root: kṣi (class 1)

नानाविधैः (nānāvidhaiḥ) - of various kinds (of various kinds, manifold, diverse)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nānāvidha

nānāvidha - of various kinds, manifold, diverse

Note: Agrees with kṣayaiḥ.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

क्षुत् (kṣut) - hunger

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣudh

kṣudh - hunger, appetite, famine

मृत्युभ्याम् (mṛtyubhyām) - by hunger and death (by death)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, demise, end

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Instrumental dual, indicating 'by hunger and death' when combined with kṣut.

अनावृष्ट्या (anāvṛṣṭyā) - by drought (by drought, by want of rain)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of anāvṛṣṭi

anāvṛṣṭi - drought, want of rain, famine

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āvṛṣṭi)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• āvṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)
  from ā-vṛṣ
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by diseases (by diseases, by ailments)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vyādhi

vyādhi - disease, sickness, ailment

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

समाहतम् (samāhatam) - overwhelmed (struck, afflicted, overwhelmed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samāhata

samāhata - struck, afflicted, overwhelmed, smitten

Past Passive Participle

From root han with prefixes sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with rāṣṭram (kingdom). Can also be accusative.

अभ्यघ्नन् (abhyaghnan) - they attacked and struck down (they attacked, they struck down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of han

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural, active voice, imperfect tense, with prefix abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

भारतान् (bhāratān) - the Bharatas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhārata

bhārata - a descendant of Bharata; an Indian

Note: Object of 'abhyaghnan'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, even (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

सपत्नानाम् (sapatnānām) - of the enemies

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sapatna

sapatna - enemy, rival, antagonist

Note: Qualifies 'balāni'.

बलानि (balāni) - the forces (forces, armies, strengths)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

Note: Object of 'abhyaghnan'. Can also be nominative plural.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)