महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-89, verse-3

तेषां प्रथितवृत्तानां राज्ञां विज्ञानशालिनाम् ।
चरितं श्रोतुमिच्छामि विस्तरेण तपोधन ॥३॥

3. teṣāṁ prathitavṛttānāṁ rājñāṁ vijñānaśālinām ,
caritaṁ śrotumicchāmi vistareṇa tapodhana.

3. teṣām prathitavṛttānām rājñām vijñānaśālinām
caritam śrotum icchāmi vistareṇa tapodhana

3. O ascetic, I wish to hear in detail the story of those kings who were renowned for their conduct and possessed of wisdom.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (kings) (of them)

• प्रथितवृत्तानाम् (prathitavṛttānām) - of renowned conduct, of famous deeds

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

• विज्ञानशालिनाम् (vijñānaśālinām) - of those possessed of wisdom, wise

• चरितम् (caritam) - the story or deeds of those kings (conduct, deeds, story, life)

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• तपोधन (tapodhana) - (addressing the sage Vaiśampāyana) (O rich in tapas, O ascetic)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (kings) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the kings being spoken about.

प्रथितवृत्तानाम् (prathitavṛttānām) - of renowned conduct, of famous deeds

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prathitavṛtta

prathitavṛtta - of renowned conduct, of famous deeds

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prathita+vṛtta)

• prathita – renowned, famous, spread
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root prath (to spread, to be famous)
  Root: prath (class 1)
• vṛtta – conduct, deed, story, event
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñām'

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Possessive noun.

विज्ञानशालिनाम् (vijñānaśālinām) - of those possessed of wisdom, wise

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vijñānaśālin

vijñānaśālin - possessed of wisdom, wise

possessive suffix -in

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vijñāna+śālin)

• vijñāna – wisdom, knowledge, discernment
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root jñā (to know) with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• śālin – possessing, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix indicating possession

Note: Qualifies 'rājñām'

चरितम् (caritam) - the story or deeds of those kings (conduct, deeds, story, life)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of carita

carita - conduct, deeds, story, life

Past Passive Participle (noun)

derived from root car (to move, to behave)

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrotum'

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(indeclinable)

infinitive

infinitive form of root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Infinitive expressing purpose.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of iṣ

present active

1st person singular, present indicative, Parasmaipada

Root: iṣ (class 6)

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - detail, extent, expanse

derived from root stṛ (to spread) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Indicates the manner of hearing.

तपोधन (tapodhana) - (addressing the sage Vaiśampāyana) (O rich in tapas, O ascetic)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - rich in tapas, ascetic (one whose wealth is austerity)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches, treasure
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Term of address.