महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-158, verse-52

अर्जुन उवाच ।
यदि प्रीतेन वा दत्तं संशये जीवितस्य वा ।
विद्या वित्तं श्रुतं वापि न तद्गन्धर्व कामये ॥५२॥

52. arjuna uvāca ,
yadi prītena vā dattaṁ saṁśaye jīvitasya vā ,
vidyā vittaṁ śrutaṁ vāpi na tadgandharva kāmaye.

52. arjuna uvāca yadi prītena vā dattam saṃśaye jīvitasya
vā vidyā vittam śrutam vā api na tat gandharva kāmaye

52. Arjuna said: "O Gandharva, I do not desire that knowledge (vidyā), wealth, or learning which is given either out of pleasure or when one's life is in danger."

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna (name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यदि (yadi) - if

• प्रीतेन (prītena) - by one pleased (by one who is pleased, with pleasure)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• दत्तम् (dattam) - given, bestowed

• संशये (saṁśaye) - in danger (in doubt, in danger, in uncertainty)

• जीवितस्य (jīvitasya) - of life, of livelihood

• वा (vā) - or, either

• विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge, learning, science

• वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth, property, acquisition

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - learning, sacred knowledge, what has been heard

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• न (na) - not, no

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• गन्धर्व (gandharva) - O Gandharva

• कामये (kāmaye) - I desire, I wish for

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince); white, clear

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

प्रीतेन (prītena) - by one pleased (by one who is pleased, with pleasure)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root prī (to please, to be pleased)

Root: prī (class 4)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

दत्तम् (dattam) - given, bestowed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, bestowed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Used here predicatively with an implied subject (vidyā, vittam, śrutam).

संशये (saṁśaye) - in danger (in doubt, in danger, in uncertainty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, danger

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

जीवितस्य (jīvitasya) - of life, of livelihood

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence; livelihood

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge, learning, science

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, lore

Root: vid (class 4)

वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth, property, acquisition

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vitta

vitta - wealth, property, acquisition, riches

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root vid (to find, obtain)

Root: vid (class 6)

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - learning, sacred knowledge, what has been heard

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened; sacred knowledge, learning (what has been heard)

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

गन्धर्व (gandharva) - O Gandharva

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a celestial being)

कामये (kāmaye) - I desire, I wish for

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (lat) of kam

Denominative Present

Present tense, 1st person singular, middle voice of the denominative stem kāmayati (to desire)

Root: kam (class 10)