महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-158, verse-33

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
युद्धे जितं यशोहीनं स्त्रीनाथमपराक्रमम् ।
को नु हन्याद्रिपुं त्वादृङ्मुञ्चेमं रिपुसूदन ॥३३॥

33. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
yuddhe jitaṁ yaśohīnaṁ strīnāthamaparākramam ,
ko nu hanyādripuṁ tvādṛṅmuñcemaṁ ripusūdana.

33. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca yuddhe jitaṃ yaśohīnaṃ strīnātham
aparākramam kaḥ nu hanyāt ripuṃ tvādṛk muñca imaṃ ripusūdana

33. Yudhishthira said: "O slayer of enemies (ripusūdana), who like you would kill an adversary who is defeated in battle, stripped of glory, now dependent on a woman for protection, and completely powerless? Release him!"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - he/she said

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle

• जितं (jitaṁ) - defeated, conquered

• यशोहीनं (yaśohīnaṁ) - devoid of glory, inglorious

• स्त्रीनाथम् (strīnātham) - having a woman as protector/lord, dependent on a woman

• अपराक्रमम् (aparākramam) - powerless, without valor

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - would kill, should kill

• रिपुं (ripuṁ) - enemy

• त्वादृक् (tvādṛk) - like you, such as you

• मुञ्च (muñca) - release! set free!

• इमं (imaṁ) - this enemy (this (one))

• रिपुसूदन (ripusūdana) - O slayer of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper noun), steady in battle

Aluk Tatpuruṣa: one who is steady in battle

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle)
• sthira – steady, firm, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he/she said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

जितं (jitaṁ) - defeated, conquered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, defeated, restrained

Past Passive Participle

From √ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with ripuṃ (enemy)

यशोहीनं (yaśohīnaṁ) - devoid of glory, inglorious

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yaśohīna

yaśohīna - devoid of glory, inglorious, fame-less

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yaśas+hīna)

• yaśas – glory, fame, reputation
  noun (neuter)
• hīna – deprived of, abandoned, deficient
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √hā (to abandon, forsake)
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with ripuṃ (enemy)

स्त्रीनाथम् (strīnātham) - having a woman as protector/lord, dependent on a woman

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of strīnātha

strīnātha - one whose protector is a woman, dependent on a woman

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (strī+nātha)

• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
• nātha – lord, master, protector, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with ripuṃ (enemy)

अपराक्रमम् (aparākramam) - powerless, without valor

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aparākrama

aparākrama - without valor, powerless, weak, devoid of might

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+parākrama)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• parākrama – valor, might, courage, prowess
  noun (masculine)
  Primary Derivative / Action Noun
  From pra-√kram (to step forward, exert) + a suffix
  Prefix: pra
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with ripuṃ (enemy)

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then

(indeclinable)

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - would kill, should kill

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √han

Root: han (class 2)

रिपुं (ripuṁ) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary

त्वादृक् (tvādṛk) - like you, such as you

(adjective)

Nominative, singular of tvādṛś

tvādṛś - like you, such as you

Compound of tvā (you, gen.) and dṛś (like, appearing)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (tvā+dṛś)

• tvā – you
  pronoun
  Short form of yuṣmad (genitive/dative singular)
• dṛś – like, resembling, appearing
  adjective
  Root Noun/Adjective
  From √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implicit subject 'who' (kaḥ)

मुञ्च (muñca) - release! set free!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √muc

Root: muc (class 6)

इमं (imaṁ) - this enemy (this (one))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

रिपुसूदन (ripusūdana) - O slayer of enemies

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ripusūdana

ripusūdana - slayer of enemies, enemy-destroyer

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ripu+sūdana)

• ripu – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer, crushing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Primary Derivative
  From √sūd (to destroy) + ana suffix
  Root: sūd (class 10)

Note: Addressed to Arjuna