महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-158, verse-41

सेयं कापुरुषं प्राप्ता गुरुदत्ता प्रणश्यति ।
आगमोऽस्या मया प्रोक्तो वीर्यं प्रतिनिबोध मे ॥४१॥

41. seyaṁ kāpuruṣaṁ prāptā gurudattā praṇaśyati ,
āgamo'syā mayā prokto vīryaṁ pratinibodha me.

41. sā iyam kāpuruṣam prāptā gurudattā praṇaśyati
āgamaḥ asyā mayā proktaḥ vīryam pratinibodha me

41. If this (lore), imparted by a spiritual teacher (guru), reaches an unworthy person, it is lost. Its origin has been explained by me; now understand its power from me.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that (lore) (that (feminine))

• इयम् (iyam) - this (lore) (this (feminine))

• कापुरुषम् (kāpuruṣam) - a contemptible man, an unworthy person

• प्राप्ता (prāptā) - having reached (an unworthy person) (having reached, attained)

• गुरुदत्ता (gurudattā) - given by a spiritual teacher (guru)

• प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - it perishes, it is lost, disappears

• आगमः (āgamaḥ) - origin, arrival, tradition, scripture, lore

• अस्या (asyā) - of this (lore) (of her, of this (feminine))

• मया (mayā) - by me

• प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, told, spoken

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - the potent influence of the lore (power, valor, energy)

• प्रतिनिबोध (pratinibodha) - understand (its power) (understand, perceive)

• मे (me) - from me (from me, to me, my)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (lore) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

इयम् (iyam) - this (lore) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here, the present

कापुरुषम् (kāpuruṣam) - a contemptible man, an unworthy person

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāpuruṣa

kāpuruṣa - a contemptible man, an unworthy person, a coward

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kā+puruṣa)

• kā – bad, contemptible, evil
  adjective
• puruṣa – man, person, male, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

प्राप्ता (prāptā) - having reached (an unworthy person) (having reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - reached, obtained, attained, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp (to obtain) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

गुरुदत्ता (gurudattā) - given by a spiritual teacher (guru)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gurudattā

gurudattā - given by a spiritual teacher (guru)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+datta)

• guru – spiritual teacher (guru), preceptor, heavy, venerable
  noun (masculine)
• datta – given, granted, bestowed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - it perishes, it is lost, disappears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of praṇaś

Prefix: pra

Root: naś (class 4)

आगमः (āgamaḥ) - origin, arrival, tradition, scripture, lore

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgama

āgama - arrival, origin, tradition, scripture, lore, source

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

अस्या (asyā) - of this (lore) (of her, of this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here, the present

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, told, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prokta

prokta - declared, told, spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with upasarga pra. vac changes to ukta.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - the potent influence of the lore (power, valor, energy)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - power, valor, energy, strength, semen

Root: vīr (class 10)

प्रतिनिबोध (pratinibodha) - understand (its power) (understand, perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pratinibudh

Prefixes: prati+ni

Root: budh (class 1)

मे (me) - from me (from me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we