योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-140, verse-13

अथ क्षणेन सलिलं तदशेषेण निर्ययौ ।
वीच्यग्रस्फुटिताकारैर्देवैस्तारकिताम्बरम् ॥ १३ ॥

atha kṣaṇena salilaṃ tadaśeṣeṇa niryayau ,
vīcyagrasphuṭitākārairdevaistārakitāmbaram 13

13. atha kṣaṇena salilam tat aśeṣeṇa niryayau
vīcyagrasphuṭitākāraiḥ devaiḥ tārakitāmbaram

13. atha kṣaṇena tat aśeṣeṇa salilam niryayau vīcyagrasphuṭitākāraiḥ
devaiḥ (ambaram) tārakitāmbaram (abhavat)

13. Then, in an instant, that entire mass of water completely flowed out. The sky became studded with stars due to the gods, whose forms had burst forth from the crests of the waves.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - marks the sequence of events (then, thereupon, now, next)

• क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in a moment, in an instant, quickly

• सलिलम् (salilam) - the vast body of water previously mentioned (water)

• तत् (tat) - referring to the water mentioned in the previous verse (that (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

• अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely, entirely, without remainder

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - the water receded or drained away (went out, flowed out, departed)

• वीच्यग्रस्फुटिताकारैः (vīcyagrasphuṭitākāraiḥ) - describing the physical manifestation of the gods (by forms/appearances burst forth from the wave-crests)

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, by divine beings

• तारकिताम्बरम् (tārakitāmbaram) - the sky appeared full of stars as a result of the divine manifestation (the sky made starry, having a starry sky)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - marks the sequence of events (then, thereupon, now, next)

(indeclinable)

क्षणेन (kṣaṇena) - in a moment, in an instant, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, a very short time

Root: kṣaṇ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial.

सलिलम् (salilam) - the vast body of water previously mentioned (water)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water

From root `sal` (to move, flow)

Root: sal (class 1)

Note: Subject of `niryayau`.

तत् (tat) - referring to the water mentioned in the previous verse (that (neuter nominative/accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

अशेषेण (aśeṣeṇa) - completely, entirely, without remainder

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśeṣa

aśeṣa - entire, complete, without remainder, all

Compound of `a` (not) + `śeṣa` (remainder).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śeṣa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• śeṣa – remainder, residue, balance
  noun (masculine)
  from root `śiṣ` (to leave as a remainder)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Functions adverbially.

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - the water receded or drained away (went out, flowed out, departed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of nir-i

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root `i` (to go) with prefix `nir`. Reduplication (`i` becomes `iya`).

Prefix: nir

Root: i (class 2)

वीच्यग्रस्फुटिताकारैः (vīcyagrasphuṭitākāraiḥ) - describing the physical manifestation of the gods (by forms/appearances burst forth from the wave-crests)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīcyagrasphuṭitākāra

vīcyagrasphuṭitākāra - form/appearance burst forth from the wave-crest

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīci+agra+sphuṭita+ākāra)

• vīci – wave, ripple
  noun (feminine)
• agra – front, tip, top, crest
  noun (neuter)
• sphuṭita – burst open, expanded, manifested, revealed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `sphuṭ` (to burst, open)
  Root: sphuṭ (class 1)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, gesture
  noun (masculine)
  From `ā-kṛ`
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies `devaiḥ`.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, by divine beings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From root `div` (to shine)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Agent of the action of 'starring the sky'.

तारकिताम्बरम् (tārakitāmbaram) - the sky appeared full of stars as a result of the divine manifestation (the sky made starry, having a starry sky)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tārakitāmbara

tārakitāmbara - having a starry sky, sky made starry

Compound 'tārakita' (made starry, studded with stars) + 'ambara' (sky, atmosphere)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tārakita+ambara)

• tārakita – studded with stars, made starry
  adjective (neuter)
  Denominative past passive participle
  From `tārakā` (star), then `tārakayati` (to make starry), then PPP.
• ambara – sky, atmosphere, garment
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective, describing the sky's state.

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