योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-103, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
निर्विकल्पसमाधानात्काष्ठकुड्योपमस्थितिः ।
एवं शिखिध्वजो राजा चूडालामधुना श्रृणु ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
nirvikalpasamādhānātkāṣṭhakuḍyopamasthitiḥ ,
evaṃ śikhidhvajo rājā cūḍālāmadhunā śrṛṇu 1

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca nirvikalpasamādhānāt kāṣṭhakuḍyopamasthitiḥ
evam śikhidhvajaḥ rājā cūḍālām adhunā śṛṇu

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca evam nirvikalpasamādhānāt kāṣṭhakuḍyopamasthitiḥ
rājā śikhidhvajaḥ (vartate sma) adhunā cūḍālām śṛṇu

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: 'Thus was the state of King Śikhidhvaja, whose posture was like a log or a wall due to his absorption (samādhi) free from conceptual distinctions (nirvikalpa). Now, listen to the story of Cūḍālā.'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The sage Vasiṣṭha, speaker of the Yogavāsiṣṭha. (the venerable Vasiṣṭha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• निर्विकल्पसमाधानात् (nirvikalpasamādhānāt) - from the state of undifferentiated absorption (samādhi), from nirvikalpa samādhi

• काष्ठकुड्योपमस्थितिः (kāṣṭhakuḍyopamasthitiḥ) - Describing King Śikhidhvaja's motionless, unresponsive state during deep meditation. (whose state/condition was like a log or a wall)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - King Śikhidhvaja, the protagonist of this narrative. (Śikhidhvaja (proper name))

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• चूडालाम् (cūḍālām) - Queen Cūḍālā, wife of King Śikhidhvaja. (Cūḍālā (proper name))

• अधुना (adhunā) - now (as in, "now listen to this story") (now, at this time)

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The sage Vasiṣṭha, speaker of the Yogavāsiṣṭha. (the venerable Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - Venerable Vasiṣṭha, illustrious Vasiṣṭha (a celebrated Vedic sage)

Compound of 'śrī' (auspicious, venerable) and 'vasiṣṭha' (proper name of a sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – glory, prosperity, venerable, auspicious
  noun (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (a famous sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

निर्विकल्पसमाधानात् (nirvikalpasamādhānāt) - from the state of undifferentiated absorption (samādhi), from nirvikalpa samādhi

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of nirvikalpasamādhāna

nirvikalpasamādhāna - undifferentiated absorption (samādhi), a state of meditation free from conceptual distinctions

Compound: nirvikalpa (without distinctions) + samādhāna (absorption).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nirvikalpa+samādhāna)

• nirvikalpa – without distinction, free from conceptualization, indeterminate
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound 'nis' (without) + 'vikalpa' (distinction, conceptualization).
• samādhāna – fixing of the mind, concentration, absorption, samādhi
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from √dhā (to place, put) with prefixes sam and ā. Related to 'samādhi'.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)

काष्ठकुड्योपमस्थितिः (kāṣṭhakuḍyopamasthitiḥ) - Describing King Śikhidhvaja's motionless, unresponsive state during deep meditation. (whose state/condition was like a log or a wall)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāṣṭhakuḍyopamasthiti

kāṣṭhakuḍyopamasthiti - a state like a log or a wall

Bahuvrīhi compound: kāṣṭhakuḍyopama (like a log and a wall) + sthiti (state).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāṣṭhakuḍyopama+sthiti)

• kāṣṭhakuḍyopama – like a log and a wall
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound: kāṣṭha (wood, log) + kuḍya (wall) + upama (like). Duality compound within a comparison.
• sthiti – state, condition, existence, standing
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājā śikhidhvajaḥ'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - King Śikhidhvaja, the protagonist of this narrative. (Śikhidhvaja (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhidhvaja

śikhidhvaja - Śikhidhvaja (name of a king); one whose banner is a peacock (śikhin = peacock, dhvaja = banner)

Bahuvrīhi compound: śikhin (peacock) + dhvaja (banner).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śikhin+dhvaja)

• śikhin – peacock; crested, having a tuft
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, emblem
  noun (masculine)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

चूडालाम् (cūḍālām) - Queen Cūḍālā, wife of King Śikhidhvaja. (Cūḍālā (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cūḍālā

cūḍālā - Cūḍālā (name of a queen in Yogavāsiṣṭha); a woman with a braid or crest

Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.

अधुना (adhunā) - now (as in, "now listen to this story") (now, at this time)

(indeclinable)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen! hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative Mood

Imperative 2nd person singular, active voice of √śru.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Addressed to Rama, the listener of the Yogavāsiṣṭha.