योगवासिष्ठः
yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ
-
book-4, chapter-59, verse-3
विश्वासं यान्ति ये लोके तैरलं नरगर्दभैः ।
इतः केशा इतो रक्तमितीयं प्रमदातनुः ॥ ३ ॥
इतः केशा इतो रक्तमितीयं प्रमदातनुः ॥ ३ ॥
viśvāsaṃ yānti ye loke tairalaṃ naragardabhaiḥ ,
itaḥ keśā ito raktamitīyaṃ pramadātanuḥ 3
itaḥ keśā ito raktamitīyaṃ pramadātanuḥ 3
3.
viśvāsam yānti ye loke taiḥ alam naragardabhaiḥ
itaḥ keśāḥ itaḥ raktam iti iyam pramadātanuḥ
itaḥ keśāḥ itaḥ raktam iti iyam pramadātanuḥ
3.
ye loke viśvāsam yānti,
taiḥ naragardabhaiḥ alam iyam pramadātanuḥ itaḥ keśāḥ itaḥ raktam iti
taiḥ naragardabhaiḥ alam iyam pramadātanuḥ itaḥ keśāḥ itaḥ raktam iti
3.
Enough with those men-asses who place their trust in this world! This woman's body is nothing but hair here, blood there.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विश्वासम् (viśvāsam) - trust, faith, confidence
- यान्ति (yānti) - place (trust) (go, approach, obtain, place)
- ये (ye) - who, which
- लोके (loke) - in the world, in this realm
- तैः (taiḥ) - by them, with them
- अलम् (alam) - enough (of them) (enough, sufficient, useless)
- नरगर्दभैः (naragardabhaiḥ) - by the men-asses, by the donkey-like men
- इतः (itaḥ) - from here, here
- केशाः (keśāḥ) - hairs, locks of hair
- इतः (itaḥ) - from here, here
- रक्तम् (raktam) - blood; red; impassioned
- इति (iti) - thus, so, marking a quotation
- इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)
- प्रमदातनुः (pramadātanuḥ) - the body of a woman
Words meanings and morphology
विश्वासम् (viśvāsam) - trust, faith, confidence
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāsa
viśvāsa - trust, faith, confidence
From vi-√śvas (to trust)
Prefix: vi
Root: śvas (class 2)
Note: Object of yānti.
यान्ति (yānti) - place (trust) (go, approach, obtain, place)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā
Present active
3rd person plural present active of √yā (class 2)
Root: yā (class 2)
ये (ye) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of ya
ya - who, which
Relative pronoun
Note: Subject of yānti.
लोके (loke) - in the world, in this realm
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, realm, people
Root: lok (class 10)
तैः (taiḥ) - by them, with them
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Demonstrative/correlative pronoun
Note: Used with alam (enough).
अलम् (alam) - enough (of them) (enough, sufficient, useless)
(indeclinable)
नरगर्दभैः (naragardabhaiḥ) - by the men-asses, by the donkey-like men
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of naragardabha
naragardabha - an ass among men, a contemptible man
Tatpuruṣa compound (or Karmadhāraya)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (nara+gardabha)
- nara – man, human being
noun (masculine)
Root: nṛ - gardabha – ass, donkey
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to ye.
इतः (itaḥ) - from here, here
(indeclinable)
From idam + -tas
केशाः (keśāḥ) - hairs, locks of hair
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of keśa
keśa - hair, lock of hair
Note: Predicate nominative for iyam tanuḥ.
इतः (itaḥ) - from here, here
(indeclinable)
From idam + -tas
रक्तम् (raktam) - blood; red; impassioned
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of rakta
rakta - red, colored; blood
Past Passive Participle
From √rañj (to color, be red, be attached)
Root: rañj (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative for iyam tanuḥ.
इति (iti) - thus, so, marking a quotation
(indeclinable)
इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of idam
idam - this
Demonstrative pronoun
प्रमदातनुः (pramadātanuḥ) - the body of a woman
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of pramadātanu
pramadātanu - woman's body
Tatpuruṣa compound
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pramadā+tanu)
- pramadā – woman, beautiful woman
noun (feminine)
From pra-√mad (to rejoice)
Prefix: pra
Root: mad (class 4) - tanu – body, form
noun (feminine)
Root: tan (class 8)
Note: Subject of implied "is".