योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-18, verse-26

स्वमेव जायतेऽस्वाभं न च तज्जायतेऽन्यदृक् ।
अतो न जातं नाजातं विद्धि ब्रह्म नभो जगत् ॥ २६ ॥

svameva jāyate'svābhaṃ na ca tajjāyate'nyadṛk ,
ato na jātaṃ nājātaṃ viddhi brahma nabho jagat 26

26. svam eva jāyate asvābham na ca tat jāyate anyadṛk
ataḥ na jātam na ajātam viddhi brahma nabhaḥ jagat

26. svam eva asvābham jāyate.
ca tat anyadṛk na jāyate.
ataḥ nabhaḥ (iva) brahma jagat (api) na jātam na ajātam viddhi.

26. The world (jagat) appears (jāyate) as itself (svam eva), yet it is devoid of its true nature (asvābham). Nor is that world born as something other (anyadṛk). Therefore, know that the supreme reality (brahman), the sky (nabhas), and the world (jagat) are neither born nor unborn.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वम् (svam) - itself, its own, one's own

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

• अस्वाभम् (asvābham) - the world, though appearing, lacks its own intrinsic reality or self-luminosity (devoid of its true nature, not self-existent, not of its own lustre)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत् (tat) - that (world)

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises

• अन्यदृक् (anyadṛk) - different-looking, of another kind, something else

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this, hence

• न (na) - not, no

• जातम् (jātam) - that which has come into being, referring to the manifest world (born, created, produced)

• न (na) - not, nor

• अजातम् (ajātam) - that which has never come into being, referring to the ultimate reality beyond creation (unborn, uncreated, eternal)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand (imperative)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the ultimate, unmanifest reality (brahman) (the supreme reality (brahman))

• नभः (nabhaḥ) - sky, space, ether

• जगत् (jagat) - the phenomenal world, as something transient or appearing to move (world, universe, moving)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वम् (svam) - itself, its own, one's own

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self, own property

Note: Agrees with the implied subject, 'jagat'.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'svam'.

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

Present Middle

`ya` suffix for passive/middle. Root class 4.

Root: jan (class 4)

अस्वाभम् (asvābham) - the world, though appearing, lacks its own intrinsic reality or self-luminosity (devoid of its true nature, not self-existent, not of its own lustre)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asvabhāva

asvabhāva - without its own nature, devoid of intrinsic nature, unreal; not self-luminous or self-existent (interpreting `asvābha` as `asvabhāva` or a very similar concept in context)

`an` (negation) + `svabhāva` (own nature/self-existence).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+svabhāva)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• svabhāva – own nature, intrinsic being, inherent property, self-existence
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

particle of negation

Note: Negates the second clause.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Placed after the word it connects.

तत् (tat) - that (world)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to the 'world' or the appearing phenomenon.

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

Present Middle

`ya` suffix for passive/middle. Root class 4.

Root: jan (class 4)

अन्यदृक् (anyadṛk) - different-looking, of another kind, something else

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anyadṛś

anyadṛś - seeing another, looking different, of another kind

Compound of `anya` and `dṛś` (seeing/appearance).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anya+dṛś)

• anya – other, another, different
  pronoun/adjective
• dṛś – seeing, appearing, resembling
  noun/adjective
  From root `dṛś` (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Used as predicate with `jāyate`.

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this, hence

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of `idam`.

Note: Consequential particle.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

particle of negation

Note: Negates 'jātam'.

जातम् (jātam) - that which has come into being, referring to the manifest world (born, created, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, become, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From root `jan` (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

particle of negation

Note: Connects and negates the next word, 'ajātam'.

अजातम् (ajātam) - that which has never come into being, referring to the ultimate reality beyond creation (unborn, uncreated, eternal)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajāta

ajāta - unborn, unproduced, eternal

Past Passive Participle (negative)

`an` (negation) + `jāta` (born).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+jāta)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• jāta – born, produced, become
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `jan` (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative Active

Strong form of the root `vid` (class 2) in the imperative.

Root: vid (class 2)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the ultimate, unmanifest reality (brahman) (the supreme reality (brahman))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - ultimate reality, the Absolute, the universal spirit

Neut. nom./acc. sing. from `brahman` (n-stem).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Object of `viddhi`.

नभः (nabhaḥ) - sky, space, ether

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nabhas

nabhas - sky, atmosphere, space, ether

Neut. nom./acc. sing. from `nabhas` (s-stem).

Root: nah (class 4)

Note: Object of `viddhi`.

जगत् (jagat) - the phenomenal world, as something transient or appearing to move (world, universe, moving)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, what is moving or transient

Present Active Participle

From root `gam` (to go). Used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of `viddhi`.