योगवासिष्ठः
yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ
-
book-3, chapter-82, verse-46
नेष्यस्यन्यान्वध्यजनान् हिंसा नैषां च धर्मतः ।
स्वधर्मेण च हित्वैव महाकरुणया समा ॥ ४६ ॥
स्वधर्मेण च हित्वैव महाकरुणया समा ॥ ४६ ॥
neṣyasyanyānvadhyajanān hiṃsā naiṣāṃ ca dharmataḥ ,
svadharmeṇa ca hitvaiva mahākaruṇayā samā 46
svadharmeṇa ca hitvaiva mahākaruṇayā samā 46
46.
na eṣyasi anyān vadhyajanān hiṃsā na eṣām ca dharmataḥ
| svadharmeṇa ca hitvā eva mahākaruṇayā samā ||
| svadharmeṇa ca hitvā eva mahākaruṇayā samā ||
46.
na eṣyasi anyān vadhyajanān ca eṣām hiṃsā dharmataḥ
na ca svadharmeṇa eva hitvā mahākaruṇayā samā
na ca svadharmeṇa eva hitvā mahākaruṇayā samā
46.
You will not lead other people to be sacrificed, for violence against them is not in accordance with natural law (dharma). Rather, having truly forsaken (such acts) by your own natural law (dharma), with great compassion, you will become equal (to others).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- एष्यसि (eṣyasi) - you will lead (you will go, you will obtain, you will lead)
- अन्यान् (anyān) - other people (who are victims) (other, different)
- वध्यजनान् (vadhyajanān) - people to be killed, sacrificial victims
- हिंसा (hiṁsā) - violence, injury, harm
- न (na) - not, no, nor
- एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (vadhyajanān, sacrificial victims) (of these, their)
- च (ca) - and, also
- धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to natural law (dharma), by virtue of dharma, from dharma
- स्वधर्मेण (svadharmeṇa) - by one's own natural law (dharma), by one's own constitution
- च (ca) - and, also
- हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned violence (having abandoned, having given up)
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, even
- महाकरुणया (mahākaruṇayā) - by great compassion
- समा (samā) - (you will be) equal (to all beings/to me) (equal, same, uniform, alike)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
एष्यसि (eṣyasi) - you will lead (you will go, you will obtain, you will lead)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of nī
Future tense, second person singular
From root nī (to lead) + future marker sya + personal ending si.
Root: nī (class 1)
अन्यान् (anyān) - other people (who are victims) (other, different)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, different, distinct, foreign
Note: Agrees with vadhyajanān.
वध्यजनान् (vadhyajanān) - people to be killed, sacrificial victims
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vadhyajana
vadhyajana - a person to be killed, a victim, a sacrificial victim
Compound.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vadhya+jana)
- vadhya – to be killed, deserving of death, a victim
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)
Derived from root vadh (to strike, to kill) with suffix yat.
Root: vadh (class 1) - jana – person, people, creature
noun (masculine)
Root: jan (class 4)
हिंसा (hiṁsā) - violence, injury, harm
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of hiṃsā
hiṁsā - violence, injury, harm, mischief
From root hiṃs (to injure, to harm).
Root: hiṃs (class 7)
न (na) - not, no, nor
(indeclinable)
एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (vadhyajanān, sacrificial victims) (of these, their)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to vadhyajanān.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to natural law (dharma), by virtue of dharma, from dharma
(indeclinable)
From dharma with suffix tas (indicating manner or source).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
स्वधर्मेण (svadharmeṇa) - by one's own natural law (dharma), by one's own constitution
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of svadharma
svadharma - one's own natural law (dharma), one's duty, one's intrinsic nature (dharma)
Compound.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)
- sva – self, own
pronoun (masculine) - dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ (to uphold, support, maintain)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned violence (having abandoned, having given up)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from root hā (to abandon, to give up) with suffix ktvā.
Root: hā (class 3)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, even
(indeclinable)
महाकरुणया (mahākaruṇayā) - by great compassion
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of mahākaruṇā
mahākaruṇā - great compassion, profound empathy
Compound.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+karuṇā)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective (feminine) - karuṇā – compassion, pity, mercy
noun (feminine)
समा (samā) - (you will be) equal (to all beings/to me) (equal, same, uniform, alike)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of sama
sama - equal, same, similar, uniform, impartial
Note: Agrees with the implied feminine subject (e.g., the demoness).