मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-76, verse-26
गुरुरुवाच ।
कुतस्त्वं कथयानन्द चैत्रः को वा त्वयोच्यते ।
सङ्कटं महदाभाति क्व जातोऽत्र ब्रवीषि किम् ॥२६॥
कुतस्त्वं कथयानन्द चैत्रः को वा त्वयोच्यते ।
सङ्कटं महदाभाति क्व जातोऽत्र ब्रवीषि किम् ॥२६॥
26. gururuvāca .
kutastvaṃ kathayānanda caitraḥ ko vā tvayocyate .
saṅkaṭaṃ mahadābhāti kva jāto'tra bravīṣi kim.
kutastvaṃ kathayānanda caitraḥ ko vā tvayocyate .
saṅkaṭaṃ mahadābhāti kva jāto'tra bravīṣi kim.
26.
guruḥ uvāca kutaḥ tvam kathaya ānanda caitraḥ kaḥ vā tvayā
ucyate saṅkaṭam mahat ābhāti kva jātaḥ atra bravīṣi kim
ucyate saṅkaṭam mahat ābhāti kva jātaḥ atra bravīṣi kim
26.
The guru said, "From where are you, Ānanda? Tell me. And who is this Caitra that you speak of? A great difficulty seems to be here. Where was he born? What are you saying here?"
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गुरुः (guruḥ) - the spiritual teacher (guru) (spiritual teacher, preceptor, respected person)
- उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)
- कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where (from where, whence, why)
- त्वम् (tvam) - you
- कथय (kathaya) - tell (me) (tell, narrate)
- आनन्द (ānanda) - O Ānanda (proper name) (joy, delight)
- चैत्रः (caitraḥ) - Caitra (proper name) (Caitra, relating to the month Caitra)
- कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)
- त्वया (tvayā) - by you
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is mentioned (is said, is called, is spoken of)
- सङ्कटम् (saṅkaṭam) - a great difficulty (difficulty, distress, danger)
- महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)
- आभाति (ābhāti) - appears (to be) (appears, shines, seems)
- क्व (kva) - where (where, in what place)
- जातः (jātaḥ) - born (referring to Caitra) (born, produced)
- अत्र (atra) - here (in this situation) (here, in this place, in this matter)
- ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you are saying (you say, you speak)
- किम् (kim) - what (what, why, whether)
Words meanings and morphology
गुरुः (guruḥ) - the spiritual teacher (guru) (spiritual teacher, preceptor, respected person)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of guru
guru - spiritual teacher, preceptor, master, heavy, important
उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
perfect tense form
3rd person singular perfect active of √vac
Root: √vac (class 2)
कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where (from where, whence, why)
(indeclinable)
Interrogative pronoun with suffix -tas for origin
Note: Denotes place of origin.
त्वम् (tvam) - you
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of tvad
tvad - you
2nd person pronoun
कथय (kathaya) - tell (me) (tell, narrate)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kath
imperative form
2nd person singular imperative active of √kath (10th class derivative kāthayati)
Root: √kath (class 10)
आनन्द (ānanda) - O Ānanda (proper name) (joy, delight)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of ānanda
ānanda - joy, delight, happiness, a proper name
From ā + √nand (to rejoice)
Prefix: ā
Root: √nand (class 1)
चैत्रः (caitraḥ) - Caitra (proper name) (Caitra, relating to the month Caitra)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of caitra
caitra - relating to the month Caitra, a proper name
कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
Interrogative pronoun
वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
त्वया (tvayā) - by you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of tvad
tvad - you
2nd person pronoun
Note: Agent in passive construction.
उच्यते (ucyate) - is mentioned (is said, is called, is spoken of)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac
present tense passive form
3rd person singular present passive of √vac
Root: √vac (class 2)
सङ्कटम् (saṅkaṭam) - a great difficulty (difficulty, distress, danger)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of saṅkaṭa
saṅkaṭa - difficult, narrow, dangerous, distress, crisis
From sam + √kaṭ (to gather, distress)
Prefix: sam
Root: √kaṭ
Note: Functions as subject.
महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat
mahat - great, large, important, noble
Present active participle of √mah used as an adjective.
Root: √mah (class 1)
Note: Qualifies saṅkaṭam.
आभाति (ābhāti) - appears (to be) (appears, shines, seems)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ābhā
present tense active form
3rd person singular present active of ā + √bhā
Prefix: ā
Root: √bhā (class 2)
क्व (kva) - where (where, in what place)
(indeclinable)
Interrogative pronoun used as an adverb of place.
Note: Interrogative adverb.
जातः (jātaḥ) - born (referring to Caitra) (born, produced)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta
jāta - born, produced, grown, happened
Past Passive Participle
From √jan (to be born)
Root: √jan (class 4)
Note: Functions adjectivally.
अत्र (atra) - here (in this situation) (here, in this place, in this matter)
(indeclinable)
Locative adverb from idam
Note: Adverb of place/situation.
ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you are saying (you say, you speak)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū
present tense active form
2nd person singular present active of √brū
Root: √brū (class 2)
किम् (kim) - what (what, why, whether)
(indeclinable)
Interrogative pronoun
Note: Used here to form an interrogative sentence.