मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-20, verse-25
तस्य मित्रगुणान् मित्राण्यमित्राश्च पराक्रमम् ।
कथयन्ति सदा सत्सु पुत्रवांस्तेन वै पिता ॥२५॥
कथयन्ति सदा सत्सु पुत्रवांस्तेन वै पिता ॥२५॥
25. tasya mitraguṇān mitrāṇyamitrāśca parākramam .
kathayanti sadā satsu putravāṃstena vai pitā.
kathayanti sadā satsu putravāṃstena vai pitā.
25.
tasya mitraguṇān mitrāṇi amitrāḥ ca parākramam
| kathayanti sadā satsu putravān tena vai pitā
| kathayanti sadā satsu putravān tena vai pitā
25.
His friends speak of his good qualities, and even his enemies speak of his valor (parākrama), always among noble people. Therefore, his father is truly blessed with such a son.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the son being praised in previous verses. (his, of him)
- मित्रगुणान् (mitraguṇān) - friendly qualities, good qualities
- मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends
- अमित्राः (amitrāḥ) - enemies, foes
- च (ca) - Connects 'mitrāṇi' and 'amitrāḥ'. (and, also)
- पराक्रमम् (parākramam) - valor, heroism, prowess
- कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - they narrate, they tell, they speak
- सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually
- सत्सु (satsu) - among the good, among the virtuous, among noble people
- पुत्रवान् (putravān) - possessing a son, having a son
- तेन (tena) - Indicates cause or reason for the father being blessed. (by that, therefore)
- वै (vai) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, truly, certainly)
- पिता (pitā) - father
Words meanings and morphology
तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the son being praised in previous verses. (his, of him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Possessive pronoun for 'mitraguṇān' and 'parākramam'.
मित्रगुणान् (mitraguṇān) - friendly qualities, good qualities
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of mitraguṇa
mitraguṇa - qualities of a friend, friendly qualities, good qualities
Compound: mitra (friend) + guṇa (quality).
Compound type : tatpurusha (mitra+guṇa)
- mitra – friend, companion
noun (masculine) - guṇa – quality, virtue, good attribute
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of 'kathayanti'.
मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mitra
mitra - friend, companion, ally
Note: Subject of 'kathayanti'.
अमित्राः (amitrāḥ) - enemies, foes
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of amitra
amitra - enemy, foe, not a friend
Negative compound: a (not) + mitra (friend).
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+mitra)
- a – not, un-, without
indeclinable - mitra – friend, companion
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject of 'kathayanti'.
च (ca) - Connects 'mitrāṇi' and 'amitrāḥ'. (and, also)
(indeclinable)
पराक्रमम् (parākramam) - valor, heroism, prowess
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of parākrama
parākrama - valor, heroism, prowess, strength, enterprise
Derived from prefix parā + √kram (to step, to go).
Prefix: parā
Root: kram (class 1)
Note: Object of 'kathayanti'.
कथयन्ति (kathayanti) - they narrate, they tell, they speak
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of kath
Present Active
Present tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural of √kath (10th class)
Root: kath (class 10)
Note: Subjects are 'mitrāṇi' and 'amitrāḥ'.
सदा (sadā) - always, ever, perpetually
(indeclinable)
Note: Modifies 'kathayanti'.
सत्सु (satsu) - among the good, among the virtuous, among noble people
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of sat
sat - being, existent, good, virtuous, noble, wise
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of √as (to be)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Refers to the context or audience where the narration occurs.
पुत्रवान् (putravān) - possessing a son, having a son
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putravat
putravat - having a son, blessed with a son
Derived from putra (son) with matup suffix, meaning 'possessing a son'.
Note: Predicate adjective for 'pitā'.
तेन (tena) - Indicates cause or reason for the father being blessed. (by that, therefore)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Used adverbially to mean 'by that reason, therefore'.
वै (vai) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, truly, certainly)
(indeclinable)
पिता (pitā) - father
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, parent
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is' (asti).