मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-20, verse-41
पुत्रावूचतुः ।
तेनाख्यातमिदं तात पूर्ववृतं महात्मना ।
कौमारके यथा तस्य वृतं सद्वृत्तशालिनः ॥४१॥
तेनाख्यातमिदं तात पूर्ववृतं महात्मना ।
कौमारके यथा तस्य वृतं सद्वृत्तशालिनः ॥४१॥
41. putrāvūcatuḥ .
tenākhyātamidaṃ tāta pūrvavṛtaṃ mahātmanā .
kaumārake yathā tasya vṛtaṃ sadvṛttaśālinaḥ.
tenākhyātamidaṃ tāta pūrvavṛtaṃ mahātmanā .
kaumārake yathā tasya vṛtaṃ sadvṛttaśālinaḥ.
41.
putrau ūcatuḥ tena ākhyātam idam tāta pūrvavṛttam
mahātmanā kaumārake yathā tasya vṛttam sadvṛttaśālinaḥ
mahātmanā kaumārake yathā tasya vṛttam sadvṛttaśālinaḥ
41.
The two sons said: "Father, this past event was narrated by that great soul (ātman), just as the conduct of that virtuous one was in his childhood."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पुत्रौ (putrau) - the two sons (who had been asked in the previous verse) (the two sons)
- ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - the two sons said (they two said)
- तेन (tena) - by him (the great soul who narrated the story) (by him, by that)
- आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - was narrated (narrated, recounted, told)
- इदम् (idam) - this (story/event) (this)
- तात (tāta) - O father (vocative) (O father, O dear one)
- पूर्ववृत्तम् (pūrvavṛttam) - the past events (a past event, previous history)
- महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great soul (a sage or divine being) (by the great soul, by the magnanimous one)
- कौमारके (kaumārake) - in his childhood (in childhood, during boyhood)
- यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)
- तस्य (tasya) - his (Dhruva's) (his, of him, to him)
- वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior (conduct, behavior, event, story)
- सद्वृत्तशालिनः (sadvṛttaśālinaḥ) - of that virtuous one (Dhruva) (of one possessing good conduct, virtuous)
Words meanings and morphology
पुत्रौ (putrau) - the two sons (who had been asked in the previous verse) (the two sons)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of putra
putra - son
ऊचतुः (ūcatuḥ) - the two sons said (they two said)
(verb)
3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect tense
from root vac (irregular perfect)
Root: vac (class 2)
तेन (tena) - by him (the great soul who narrated the story) (by him, by that)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to the 'mahātmanā'.
आख्यातम् (ākhyātam) - was narrated (narrated, recounted, told)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ākhyāta
ākhyāta - narrated, recounted, told
Past Passive Participle
from root khyā with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: khyā (class 2)
इदम् (idam) - this (story/event) (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, here
Note: Refers to the narrative.
तात (tāta) - O father (vocative) (O father, O dear one)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta
tāta - father, dear one (vocative)
पूर्ववृत्तम् (pūrvavṛttam) - the past events (a past event, previous history)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pūrvavṛtta
pūrvavṛtta - a past event, previous history
Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+vṛtta)
- pūrva – former, previous, earlier
adjective - vṛtta – happened, occurred, conduct, event
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
from root vṛt
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'ākhyātam' and 'idam'.
महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great soul (a sage or divine being) (by the great soul, by the magnanimous one)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman
mahātman - great soul, magnanimous, noble
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)
- mahā – great, large
adjective - ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence
noun (masculine)
Note: Agent of the passive verb 'ākhyātam'.
कौमारके (kaumārake) - in his childhood (in childhood, during boyhood)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kaumāraka
kaumāraka - childhood, boyhood
derived from kumāra (boy)
यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)
(indeclinable)
तस्य (tasya) - his (Dhruva's) (his, of him, to him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to Dhruva.
वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct, behavior (conduct, behavior, event, story)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta
vṛtta - happened, occurred, conduct, event, story
Past Passive Participle
from root vṛt
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Subject of the clause 'yathā ... vṛttam'.
सद्वृत्तशालिनः (sadvṛttaśālinaḥ) - of that virtuous one (Dhruva) (of one possessing good conduct, virtuous)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of sadvṛttaśālin
sadvṛttaśālin - possessing good conduct, virtuous
formed from sat-vṛtta (good conduct) + -śālin (possessing)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sat+vṛttaśālin)
- sat – good, true, virtuous
adjective
present participle of as, used as an adjective
Root: as (class 2) - vṛttaśālin – endowed with conduct
adjective (masculine)
from vṛtta (conduct) + śālin (possessing)
Note: Agrees with 'tasya' (Dhruva).