मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-20, verse-23
पितोवाच ।
पुत्रः पुण्यवतो धन्यः स यस्यैवं भविद्विधैः ।
परोक्षस्यापि गुणिभैः क्रियते गुणकीर्तनम् ॥२३॥
पुत्रः पुण्यवतो धन्यः स यस्यैवं भविद्विधैः ।
परोक्षस्यापि गुणिभैः क्रियते गुणकीर्तनम् ॥२३॥
23. pitovāca .
putraḥ puṇyavato dhanyaḥ sa yasyaivaṃ bhavidvidhaiḥ .
parokṣasyāpi guṇibhaiḥ kriyate guṇakīrtanam.
putraḥ puṇyavato dhanyaḥ sa yasyaivaṃ bhavidvidhaiḥ .
parokṣasyāpi guṇibhaiḥ kriyate guṇakīrtanam.
23.
pitā uvāca | putraḥ puṇyavataḥ dhanyaḥ saḥ yasya evam
bhavadvidhaiḥ | parokṣasya api guṇibhaiḥ kriyate guṇakīrtanam
bhavadvidhaiḥ | parokṣasya api guṇibhaiḥ kriyate guṇakīrtanam
23.
The father said: Fortunate is the son of a meritorious person, he whose virtues are thus extolled by noble people like you, even in his absence.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पिता (pitā) - father
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child
- पुण्यवतः (puṇyavataḥ) - of a meritorious person, of a virtuous one
- धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - blessed, fortunate, auspicious
- सः (saḥ) - Refers to the son. (he, that)
- यस्य (yasya) - Refers to the son. (whose, of whom)
- एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner
- भवद्विधैः (bhavadvidhaiḥ) - by those like your honor, by noble people like you
- परोक्षस्य (parokṣasya) - Refers to the son, even when he is not present. (of the absent, of the unseen)
- अपि (api) - Emphasizes 'even in his absence'. (even, also, too)
- गुणिभैः (guṇibhaiḥ) - by virtuous people, by qualified ones
- क्रियते (kriyate) - is extolled, is praised (referring to the praise of virtues). (is done, is made, is performed)
- गुणकीर्तनम् (guṇakīrtanam) - praise of virtues, glorification of qualities
Words meanings and morphology
पिता (pitā) - father
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, parent
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect Active
Perfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular of √vac
Root: vac (class 2)
पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
पुण्यवतः (puṇyavataḥ) - of a meritorious person, of a virtuous one
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of puṇyavat
puṇyavat - meritorious, virtuous, pious, righteous, blessed
Derived from puṇya (merit, virtue) with matup suffix, meaning 'possessing puṇya'.
Note: Qualifies an implicit noun or refers to 'of a meritorious one'.
धन्यः (dhanyaḥ) - blessed, fortunate, auspicious
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanya
dhanya - blessed, fortunate, auspicious, wealthy
Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.
सः (saḥ) - Refers to the son. (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
यस्य (yasya) - Refers to the son. (whose, of whom)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner
(indeclinable)
भवद्विधैः (bhavadvidhaiḥ) - by those like your honor, by noble people like you
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhavadvidha
bhavadvidha - one like your honor, one like you
Compound: bhavat (you, your honor) + vidha (kind, sort, like)
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhavat+vidha)
- bhavat – your honor, you
pronoun (masculine) - vidha – kind, sort, manner, like
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with 'guṇibhaiḥ'.
परोक्षस्य (parokṣasya) - Refers to the son, even when he is not present. (of the absent, of the unseen)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of parokṣa
parokṣa - invisible, absent, beyond the range of sight
Compound: para (other, distant) + akṣa (eye). Beyond the eye.
Compound type : tatpurusha (para+akṣa)
- para – other, distant, supreme
indeclinable - akṣa – eye, sense organ
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with 'yasya' (referring to the son).
अपि (api) - Emphasizes 'even in his absence'. (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
गुणिभैः (guṇibhaiḥ) - by virtuous people, by qualified ones
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇin
guṇin - possessed of good qualities, virtuous, meritorious, talented
Derived from guṇa (quality) + -in (possessing) suffix.
Note: Agent of the passive verb 'kriyate'.
क्रियते (kriyate) - is extolled, is praised (referring to the praise of virtues). (is done, is made, is performed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of kṛ
Present Passive
Present tense, Atmanepada, 3rd person singular, passive voice of √kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
गुणकीर्तनम् (guṇakīrtanam) - praise of virtues, glorification of qualities
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of guṇakīrtana
guṇakīrtana - praise of virtues, glorification of qualities, eulogy of merits
Compound: guṇa (quality, virtue) + kīrtana (praise, eulogy).
Compound type : tatpurusha (guṇa+kīrtana)
- guṇa – quality, virtue, good attribute
noun (masculine) - kīrtana – praising, proclaiming, eulogy, mentioning
noun (neuter)
verbal noun
Derived from √kīrt (to praise, to mention)
Root: kīrt (class 10)
Note: Subject of the passive verb 'kriyate'.