महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-32, verse-49

मा वृथा गर्ज कौन्तेय शारदाभ्रमिवाजलम् ।
दर्शयस्व बलं युद्धे यावत्तत्तेऽद्य विद्यते ॥४९॥

49. mā vṛthā garja kaunteya śāradābhramivājalam ,
darśayasva balaṁ yuddhe yāvattatte'dya vidyate.

49. mā vṛthā garja kaunteya śāradābhram iva ajalam
darśayasva balam yuddhe yāvat tat te adya vidyate

49. kaunteya ajalam śāradābhram iva vṛthā mā garja
yuddhe te adya yāvat tat balam vidyate darśayasva

49. O son of Kunti, do not roar in vain like a waterless autumn cloud. Show your strength in battle, whatever you possess today.

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly)

• गर्ज (garja) - roar (roar, thunder)

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti (O son of Kunti, O Arjuna)

• शारदाभ्रम् (śāradābhram) - autumn cloud

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अजलम् (ajalam) - waterless (waterless, without water)

• दर्शयस्व (darśayasva) - show, display

• बलम् (balam) - strength (strength, power, force)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

• यावत् (yāvat) - whatever (as much as, as long as, whatever)

• तत् (tat) - that (strength) (that, it)

• ते (te) - your (to you, your (genitive/dative of 'tva'))

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is present (it exists, it is present)

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive particle))

(indeclinable)

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly (in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly)

(indeclinable)

गर्ज (garja) - roar (roar, thunder)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of garj

Imperative active, 2nd person singular

Root garj, 1st conjugation

Root: garj (class 1)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti (O son of Kunti, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti (e.g. Arjuna, Karna)

Patronymic from Kunti

Note: Addressing Arjuna

शारदाभ्रम् (śāradābhram) - autumn cloud

(noun)

neuter, singular of śāradābhra

śāradābhra - autumnal cloud

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śārada+abhra)

• śārada – autumnal, relating to autumn
  adjective (masculine)
• abhra – cloud
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used with 'iva' for comparison

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अजलम् (ajalam) - waterless (waterless, without water)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of ajala

ajala - waterless, without water

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+jala)

• a – not, without
  indeclinable
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes 'śāradābhram'

दर्शयस्व (darśayasva) - show, display

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative middle, 2nd person singular (causative stem)

Causative stem of root dṛś, 10th conjugation / nić suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Causative sense: 'make oneself seen' or 'show'

बलम् (balam) - strength (strength, power, force)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army

Note: Object of 'darśayasva'

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - fight, battle, war

Past Passive Participle

From root yudh- 'to fight'

Root: yudh (class 4)

यावत् (yāvat) - whatever (as much as, as long as, whatever)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a correlative adverb/conjunction

तत् (tat) - that (strength) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to 'balam' (strength) implicitly

ते (te) - your (to you, your (genitive/dative of 'tva'))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tva

tva - you

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is present (it exists, it is present)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Present middle indicative, 3rd person singular

Root vid (4th conjugation)

Root: vid (class 4)