महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-32, verse-17

अध्यर्धेन गुणेनेयं गदा गुरुतरी मम ।
न तथा धार्तराष्ट्रस्य मा कार्षीर्माधव व्यथाम् ॥१७॥

17. adhyardhena guṇeneyaṁ gadā gurutarī mama ,
na tathā dhārtarāṣṭrasya mā kārṣīrmādhava vyathām.

17. adhyardhena guṇena iyam gadā gurutari mama na
tathā dhārtarāṣṭrasya mā kārṣīḥ mādhava vyathām

17. adhyardhena guṇena iyam mama gadā gurutari
dhārtarāṣṭrasya tathā na mādhava vyathām mā kārṣīḥ

17. This mace of mine is one and a half times more potent; Dhritarashtra's son's (Duryodhana's) is not so. O Madhava, do not feel distress.

Words meanings summery:

• अध्यर्धेन (adhyardhena) - by one and a half (measure) (by one and a half)

• गुणेन (guṇena) - by potency, by quality (by quality, by virtue, by strength, by an attribute)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (mace) (this (feminine))

• गदा (gadā) - mace (mace, club)

• गुरुतरि (gurutari) - more potent, superior (heavier, more superior)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तथा (tathā) - like that (i.e., not as potent) (so, thus, in that manner)

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana (of Dhritarashtra's son, of Duryodhana)

• मा (mā) - Used with aorist to express prohibition (do not, not)

• कार्षीः (kārṣīḥ) - you should feel (distress) (you should do, you should make, you should feel)

• माधव (mādhava) - Referring to Krishna (O Madhava, O husband of Lakshmi, O Krishna)

• व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress (distress, pain, agitation)

Words meanings and morphology

अध्यर्धेन (adhyardhena) - by one and a half (measure) (by one and a half)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adhyardha

adhyardha - one and a half, increased by half

गुणेन (guṇena) - by potency, by quality (by quality, by virtue, by strength, by an attribute)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, excellence, virtue, thread

इयम् (iyam) - this (mace) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

गदा (gadā) - mace (mace, club)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

गुरुतरि (gurutari) - more potent, superior (heavier, more superior)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gurutara

gurutara - heavier, more important, more superior (comparative degree of 'guru')

comparative adjective derived from 'guru'

Note: Agrees with 'gadā'

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - like that (i.e., not as potent) (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana (of Dhritarashtra's son, of Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra, a Kaurava prince (e.g. Duryodhana)

patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

मा (mā) - Used with aorist to express prohibition (do not, not)

(indeclinable)

कार्षीः (kārṣīḥ) - you should feel (distress) (you should do, you should make, you should feel)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

aorist

root 'kṛ' (8th class), aorist, 2nd person singular, active voice (injunctive form used with mā for prohibition)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: injunctive form

माधव (mādhava) - Referring to Krishna (O Madhava, O husband of Lakshmi, O Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - Madhava, husband of Lakshmi, descendant of Madhu, an epithet of Krishna/Vishnu

व्यथाम् (vyathām) - distress (distress, pain, agitation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyathā

vyathā - distress, pain, anxiety, agitation, fear

from 'vi-yath' (to be agitated, troubled)

Prefix: vi

Root: yath (class 1)