महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-44, verse-38

दृष्ट्वा तु प्रद्रुतां सेनां धार्तराष्ट्रस्य सूतजः ।
निवारयामास बलादनुपत्य विशां पते ।
निवृत्ते तु ततः कर्णे नकुलः कौरवान्ययौ ॥३८॥

38. dṛṣṭvā tu pradrutāṁ senāṁ dhārtarāṣṭrasya sūtajaḥ ,
nivārayāmāsa balādanupatya viśāṁ pate ,
nivṛtte tu tataḥ karṇe nakulaḥ kauravānyayau.

38. dṛṣṭvā tu pradrutām senām
dhārtarāṣṭrasya sūtajaḥ nivārayāmāsa balāt
anupatya viśām pate nivṛtte tu
tataḥ karṇe nakulaḥ kauravān yayau

38. viśām pate,
tu dṛṣṭvā dhārtarāṣṭrasya senām pradrutām,
sūtajaḥ balāt anupatya nivārayāmāsa.
tu tataḥ karṇe nivṛtte,
nakulaḥ kauravān yayau.

38. Having seen the army of Dhritarashtra's son (Duryodhana/Kauravas) fleeing, Karna (the charioteer's son) pursued them and forcibly stopped them, O lord of men. But then, when Karna retreated, Nakula attacked the Kauravas.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• प्रद्रुताम् (pradrutām) - fleeing, running away, routed

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra's son, of Duryodhana, of the Kauravas

• सूतजः (sūtajaḥ) - Karna (charioteer's son, Karna)

• निवारयामास (nivārayāmāsa) - he stopped, he prevented

• बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly, by strength

• अनुपत्य (anupatya) - having pursued, having followed

• विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects, of people

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• निवृत्ते (nivṛtte) - having turned back, having retreated, having ceased

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there, afterwards

• कर्णे (karṇe) - on Karna, concerning Karna, when Karna

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

• कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas

• ययौ (yayau) - he went, he attacked, he advanced towards

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

प्रद्रुताम् (pradrutām) - fleeing, running away, routed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pradruta

pradruta - fled, run away, routed

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhritarashtra's son, of Duryodhana, of the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhritarashtra, son of Dhritarashtra

Patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

सूतजः (sūtajaḥ) - Karna (charioteer's son, Karna)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaja

sūtaja - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+ja)

• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  agentive suffix
  Root: jan (class 4)

निवारयामास (nivārayāmāsa) - he stopped, he prevented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of nivārayāmāsa

Periphrastic Perfect of causative root.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly, by strength

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, force, power

अनुपत्य (anupatya) - having pursued, having followed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with prefix and suffix -ya.

Prefix: anu

Root: pat (class 1)

विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of subjects, of people

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, community, men, subjects

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, ruler

निवृत्ते (nivṛtte) - having turned back, having retreated, having ceased

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - returned, retreated, ceased, retired

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from there, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas.

कर्णे (karṇe) - on Karna, concerning Karna, when Karna

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (proper name)

कौरवान् (kauravān) - the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

Patronymic from Kuru.

ययौ (yayau) - he went, he attacked, he advanced towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of yayau

Root: i (class 2)