महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-44, verse-11

शिखण्डी च ययौ कर्णं धृष्टद्युम्नः सुतं तव ।
दुःशासनं महाराज महत्या सेनया वृतम् ॥११॥

11. śikhaṇḍī ca yayau karṇaṁ dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ sutaṁ tava ,
duḥśāsanaṁ mahārāja mahatyā senayā vṛtam.

11. śikhaṇḍī ca yayau karṇam dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ sutam
tava duḥśāsanam mahārāja mahatyā senayā vṛtam

11. mahārāja śikhaṇḍī ca karṇam yayau dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ
tava sutam duḥśāsanam mahatyā senayā vṛtam (yayau)

11. O great king, Śikhaṇḍī went towards Karṇa, and Dhṛṣṭadyumna went towards your son Duḥśāsana, who was surrounded by a mighty army.

Words meanings summery:

• शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Śikhaṇḍī

• च (ca) - and, also

• ययौ (yayau) - went, approached, proceeded

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• सुतम् (sutam) - son

• तव (tava) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (your, of you)

• दुःशासनम् (duḥśāsanam) - Duḥśāsana

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• महत्या (mahatyā) - with a great, by a large

• सेनया (senayā) - by an army

• वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded, accompanied, covered

Words meanings and morphology

शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Śikhaṇḍī

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Śikhaṇḍī (name of a warrior, originally female, later male, fought for the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Śikhaṇḍī's action.

ययौ (yayau) - went, approached, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of yā

Perfect active

Root yā, reduplicated form in perfect tense.

Root: yā (class 2)

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a great warrior, son of Kuntī and Sūrya, ally of the Kauravas)

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of Draupadī's brother, commander of the Pāṇḍava army)

सुतम् (sutam) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sū (to give birth), often used as noun.

Root: sū (class 2)

तव (tava) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Genitive singular form of yuṣmad.

Note: Possessive pronoun.

दुःशासनम् (duḥśāsanam) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kaurava prince, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

महत्या (mahatyā) - with a great, by a large

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Instrumental singular feminine form of mahat.

सेनया (senayā) - by an army

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, military force

Instrumental singular form of senā.

वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded, accompanied, covered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, surround).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies Duḥśāsana, indicating he was accompanied/surrounded by a great army.