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8,44

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-44, verse-33

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तावकानां परैः सह ।
घोरं प्राणभृतां काले घोररूपं परंतप ॥३३॥
33. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ tāvakānāṁ paraiḥ saha ,
ghoraṁ prāṇabhṛtāṁ kāle ghorarūpaṁ paraṁtapa.
33. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tāvakānāṃ paraiḥ saha
ghoraṃ prāṇabhṛtāṃ kāle ghorarūpaṃ paraṃtapa
33. paraṃtapa tataḥ tāvakānāṃ paraiḥ saha ghoraṃ
ghorarūpaṃ yuddhaṃ prāṇabhṛtāṃ kāle pravavṛte
33. O tormentor of foes, then a terrible battle (yuddha) of dreadful appearance commenced between your kinsmen and the enemies, at a time (kāla) for all living beings (i.e., a time of great destruction or death).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter
  • प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced, began, ensued
  • युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight, war
  • तावकानां (tāvakānāṁ) - of your kinsmen, of your people
  • परैः (paraiḥ) - with enemies, with opponents
  • सह (saha) - with, along with
  • घोरं (ghoraṁ) - terrible, dreadful, fierce
  • प्राणभृतां (prāṇabhṛtāṁ) - of living beings, of those who possess life
  • काले (kāle) - in time, at the proper time, at a fateful time
  • घोररूपं (ghorarūpaṁ) - dreadful in form, terrible-looking
  • परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter
(indeclinable)
प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced, began, ensued
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, Perfect (liṭ) of vṛt
Prefix: pra
Root: vṛt (class 1)
युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight, war
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
Derived from root yudh
Root: yudh (class 4)
तावकानां (tāvakānāṁ) - of your kinsmen, of your people
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka
tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your people
Derived from 'tava' (your)
परैः (paraiḥ) - with enemies, with opponents
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of para
para - other, hostile, enemy, supreme
सह (saha) - with, along with
(indeclinable)
घोरं (ghoraṁ) - terrible, dreadful, fierce
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora
ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, frightful
प्राणभृतां (prāṇabhṛtāṁ) - of living beings, of those who possess life
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of prāṇabhṛt
prāṇabhṛt - living being, creature
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+bhṛt)
  • prāṇa – life, breath, vital air
    noun (masculine)
  • bhṛt – bearing, holding, sustaining
    adjective
    Agent noun/suffix
    Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, hold)
    Root: bhṛ (class 3)
काले (kāle) - in time, at the proper time, at a fateful time
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kāla
kāla - time, period, season, fate
घोररूपं (ghorarūpaṁ) - dreadful in form, terrible-looking
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ghorarūpa
ghorarūpa - having a dreadful form, of terrible appearance
Compound type : karmadhāraya (ghora+rūpa)
  • ghora – terrible, dreadful
    adjective
  • rūpa – form, appearance, shape
    noun (neuter)
परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa
paraṁtapa - tormenting enemies, subduer of foes
Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)
  • para – enemy, foe, other
    noun (masculine)
  • tapa – burning, tormenting (from root tap)
    noun (masculine)
    Nomen agentis
    Derived from root tap (to heat, to torment)
    Root: tap (class 1)