महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-44, verse-33
ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तावकानां परैः सह ।
घोरं प्राणभृतां काले घोररूपं परंतप ॥३३॥
घोरं प्राणभृतां काले घोररूपं परंतप ॥३३॥
33. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ tāvakānāṁ paraiḥ saha ,
ghoraṁ prāṇabhṛtāṁ kāle ghorarūpaṁ paraṁtapa.
ghoraṁ prāṇabhṛtāṁ kāle ghorarūpaṁ paraṁtapa.
33.
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tāvakānāṃ paraiḥ saha
ghoraṃ prāṇabhṛtāṃ kāle ghorarūpaṃ paraṃtapa
ghoraṃ prāṇabhṛtāṃ kāle ghorarūpaṃ paraṃtapa
33.
paraṃtapa tataḥ tāvakānāṃ paraiḥ saha ghoraṃ
ghorarūpaṃ yuddhaṃ prāṇabhṛtāṃ kāle pravavṛte
ghorarūpaṃ yuddhaṃ prāṇabhṛtāṃ kāle pravavṛte
33.
O tormentor of foes, then a terrible battle (yuddha) of dreadful appearance commenced between your kinsmen and the enemies, at a time (kāla) for all living beings (i.e., a time of great destruction or death).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter
- प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced, began, ensued
- युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight, war
- तावकानां (tāvakānāṁ) - of your kinsmen, of your people
- परैः (paraiḥ) - with enemies, with opponents
- सह (saha) - with, along with
- घोरं (ghoraṁ) - terrible, dreadful, fierce
- प्राणभृतां (prāṇabhṛtāṁ) - of living beings, of those who possess life
- काले (kāle) - in time, at the proper time, at a fateful time
- घोररूपं (ghorarūpaṁ) - dreadful in form, terrible-looking
- परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter
(indeclinable)
प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - commenced, began, ensued
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, Perfect (liṭ) of vṛt
Prefix: pra
Root: vṛt (class 1)
युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight, war
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
Derived from root yudh
Root: yudh (class 4)
तावकानां (tāvakānāṁ) - of your kinsmen, of your people
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka
tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your people
Derived from 'tava' (your)
परैः (paraiḥ) - with enemies, with opponents
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of para
para - other, hostile, enemy, supreme
सह (saha) - with, along with
(indeclinable)
घोरं (ghoraṁ) - terrible, dreadful, fierce
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora
ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, frightful
प्राणभृतां (prāṇabhṛtāṁ) - of living beings, of those who possess life
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of prāṇabhṛt
prāṇabhṛt - living being, creature
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+bhṛt)
- prāṇa – life, breath, vital air
noun (masculine) - bhṛt – bearing, holding, sustaining
adjective
Agent noun/suffix
Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, hold)
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
काले (kāle) - in time, at the proper time, at a fateful time
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kāla
kāla - time, period, season, fate
घोररूपं (ghorarūpaṁ) - dreadful in form, terrible-looking
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ghorarūpa
ghorarūpa - having a dreadful form, of terrible appearance
Compound type : karmadhāraya (ghora+rūpa)
- ghora – terrible, dreadful
adjective - rūpa – form, appearance, shape
noun (neuter)
परंतप (paraṁtapa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa
paraṁtapa - tormenting enemies, subduer of foes
Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)
- para – enemy, foe, other
noun (masculine) - tapa – burning, tormenting (from root tap)
noun (masculine)
Nomen agentis
Derived from root tap (to heat, to torment)
Root: tap (class 1)