महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-23, verse-9

वृद्धौ हि तौ नरव्याघ्रौ छलेन निहतौ च तौ ।
कृत्वा नसुकरं कर्म गतौ स्वर्गमितोऽनघ ॥९॥

9. vṛddhau hi tau naravyāghrau chalena nihatau ca tau ,
kṛtvā nasukaraṁ karma gatau svargamito'nagha.

9. vṛddhau hi tau naravyāghrau chalena nihatāu ca tau
kṛtvā na sukaram karma gatau svargam itaḥ anagha

9. anagha,
vṛddhau hi tau naravyāghrau ca tau chalena nihatāu.
na sukaram karma kṛtvā itaḥ svargam gatau.

9. Indeed, those two old tiger-like men (Bhīṣma and Droṇa) were slain by deceit. Having accomplished a difficult deed, those two went to heaven from this world, O sinless one.

Words meanings summery:

• वृद्धौ (vṛddhau) - Referring to Bhīṣma and Droṇa, who were old in age. (old, aged, grown)

• हि (hi) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, surely, for)

• तौ (tau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa. (those two)

• नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - Metaphorically describing Bhīṣma and Droṇa as mighty warriors. (two tiger-like men, two excellent men)

• छलेन (chalena) - Refers to the deceptive means used to kill Bhīṣma and Droṇa. (by deceit, by trickery, by fraud)

• निहताउ (nihatāu) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa were killed. (slain, killed)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तौ (tau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa. Repetition for emphasis. (those two)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - Having performed a difficult deed. (having done, having made, having performed)

• न (na) - Negates 'sukaram' (easy). 'na sukaram' = difficult. (not)

• सुकरम् (sukaram) - 'na sukaram' means difficult to do. (easy to do, feasible)

• कर्म (karma) - A difficult deed (karma). This refers to their dedicated fighting despite their situation, or dying honorably. (deed, action, work, ritual action, consequence of action)

• गतौ (gatau) - They (Bhīṣma and Droṇa) went. (went, gone)

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - They ascended to heaven. (to heaven, to the celestial world)

• इतः (itaḥ) - From this mortal world. (from here, from this world)

• अनघ (anagha) - Vocative address, probably to Bhūriśravas or a general listener, by Karṇa. (O sinless one, O faultless one)

Words meanings and morphology

वृद्धौ (vṛddhau) - Referring to Bhīṣma and Droṇa, who were old in age. (old, aged, grown)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, augmented

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

हि (hi) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa. (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma and Droṇa.

नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - Metaphorically describing Bhīṣma and Droṇa as mighty warriors. (two tiger-like men, two excellent men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, brave warrior

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

छलेन (chalena) - Refers to the deceptive means used to kill Bhīṣma and Droṇa. (by deceit, by trickery, by fraud)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of chala

chala - deceit, trickery, fraud, stratagem

निहताउ (nihatāu) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa were killed. (slain, killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

prefix ni- + root han (to strike, kill)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Dual form matches 'tau' (Bhīṣma and Droṇa).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - Bhīṣma and Droṇa. Repetition for emphasis. (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Repetition of 'tau' for emphasis.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - Having performed a difficult deed. (having done, having made, having performed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root kṛ (to do) + suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - Negates 'sukaram' (easy). 'na sukaram' = difficult. (not)

(indeclinable)

सुकरम् (sukaram) - 'na sukaram' means difficult to do. (easy to do, feasible)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukara

sukara - easy to do, feasible, readily performed

kṛt suffix -kara

prefix su- (good, easy) + root kṛ (to do) + suffix -a

Prefix: su

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - A difficult deed (karma). This refers to their dedicated fighting despite their situation, or dying honorably. (deed, action, work, ritual action, consequence of action)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - deed, action, work, ritual action, consequence of action (karma)

from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

गतौ (gatau) - They (Bhīṣma and Droṇa) went. (went, gone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Dual form matching 'tau'.

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - They ascended to heaven. (to heaven, to the celestial world)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

Note: Denotes destination.

इतः (itaḥ) - From this mortal world. (from here, from this world)

(indeclinable)

अनघ (anagha) - Vocative address, probably to Bhūriśravas or a general listener, by Karṇa. (O sinless one, O faultless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure, innocent

negative prefix an- + agha (sin)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (an+agha)

• an – not, without
  prefix
• agha – sin, evil, misfortune
  noun (neuter)