महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-23, verse-26

युधि चाप्यवमानो मे न कर्तव्यः कथंचन ।
पश्य हीमौ मम भुजौ वज्रसंहननोपमौ ॥२६॥

26. yudhi cāpyavamāno me na kartavyaḥ kathaṁcana ,
paśya hīmau mama bhujau vajrasaṁhananopamau.

26. yudhi ca api avamānaḥ me na kartavyaḥ kathaṃcana
paśya hi imau mama bhujau vajrasaṃhananopamau

26. ca yudhi me avamānaḥ kathaṃcana na kartavyaḥ hi paśya,
mama imau bhujau vajrasaṃhananopamau

26. And by no means should any disrespect be shown to me in battle. For indeed, behold these two arms of mine, which are like structures as firm as a thunderbolt.

Words meanings summery:

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the prohibition) (also, even, indeed)

• अवमानः (avamānaḥ) - disrespect, insult (disrespect, insult, contempt)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my, of me)

• न (na) - not

• कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - should be done (to be done, ought to be done, proper to be done)

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means whatsoever (by any means, in any way, somehow)

• पश्य (paśya) - behold (see, behold, observe)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for (introduces a reason/explanation) (indeed, for, because)

• इमौ (imau) - these two (arms) (these two)

• मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

• भुजौ (bhujau) - (my two) arms (two arms)

• वज्रसंहननोपमौ (vajrasaṁhananopamau) - like structures as firm as a thunderbolt (resembling a thunderbolt-like firmness, like adamantine structures)

Words meanings and morphology

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight, combat

Root 'yudh' also acts as a feminine noun for 'battle'.

Note: Adverbial locative.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the prohibition) (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Adds emphasis to the statement.

अवमानः (avamānaḥ) - disrespect, insult (disrespect, insult, contempt)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avamāna

avamāna - disrespect, insult, contempt, slight

From 'ava' + root 'man' (to think, to regard).

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

मे (me) - to me (to me, my, of me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Enclitic form of 1st person pronoun.

Note: Receiver of the action.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'kartavyaḥ'.

कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - should be done (to be done, ought to be done, proper to be done)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛ

kṛ - to do, to make, to perform

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

Formed from root 'kṛ' by adding suffix 'tavya'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses obligation or appropriateness.

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means whatsoever (by any means, in any way, somehow)

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'katham' (how) and 'cana' (an emphatic particle).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (katham+cana)

• katham – how, in what manner
  indeclinable
  Interrogative/adverb.
• cana – even, any, at all
  indeclinable
  Emphatic particle.

Note: Modifies 'na kartavyaḥ'.

पश्य (paśya) - behold (see, behold, observe)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Present Tense, Active, 2nd Person Singular, Imperative

Root 'dṛś' forms present stem 'paśya-'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the listener.

हि (hi) - indeed, for (introduces a reason/explanation) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating cause or emphasis.

Note: Explains why 'avamāna' should not be shown.

इमौ (imau) - these two (arms) (these two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

मम (mama) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

1st person pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'bhujau'.

भुजौ (bhujau) - (my two) arms (two arms)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhuja

bhuja - arm, hand, shoulder

From root 'bhuj' (to bend, to enjoy) but 'bhuja' is a common word for arm.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of implied 'are'.

वज्रसंहननोपमौ (vajrasaṁhananopamau) - like structures as firm as a thunderbolt (resembling a thunderbolt-like firmness, like adamantine structures)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vajrasaṃhananopama

vajrasaṁhananopama - resembling a thunderbolt-like compactness/structure, adamantine in firmness

Compound of 'vajra-saṃhanana' (a structure like a thunderbolt) + 'upama' (resembling).

Compound type : upamāna-pūrva-pada bahuvrīhi (vajra+saṃhanana+upama)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond, hard
  noun (masculine)
• saṃhanana – consolidation, compactness, structure, firmness, assemblage
  noun (neuter)
  From 'sam' + 'han' (to strike, to bring together) + suffix 'ana'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)
• upama – resembling, like, similar
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'upa' + root 'mā' (to measure).
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'bhujau'.