महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-23, verse-21

अवमन्यसे मां गान्धारे ध्रुवं मां परिशङ्कसे ।
यन्मां ब्रवीषि विस्रब्धं सारथ्यं क्रियतामिति ॥२१॥

21. avamanyase māṁ gāndhāre dhruvaṁ māṁ pariśaṅkase ,
yanmāṁ bravīṣi visrabdhaṁ sārathyaṁ kriyatāmiti.

21. avamanyase mām gāndhāre dhruvam mām pariśaṅkase
yat mām bravīṣi visrabdham sārathyam kriyatām iti

21. gāndhāre,
tvam mām avamanyase.
dhruvam mām pariśaṅkase.
yat visrabdham mām "sārathyam kriyatām" iti bravīṣi.

21. O son of Gandhari (Gāndhāre), you disrespect me; indeed, you surely doubt me, because you confidently tell me, "Let charioteering be done!"

Words meanings summery:

• अवमन्यसे (avamanyase) - you disrespect, you despise, you disregard

• माम् (mām) - me

• गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - O Duryodhana (O son of Gandhari, O descendant of Gandhara)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, indeed

• माम् (mām) - me

• परिशङ्कसे (pariśaṅkase) - you doubt, you suspect

• यत् (yat) - because, that (conj.)

• माम् (mām) - me

• ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you say, you tell

• विस्रब्धम् (visrabdham) - confidently, trustingly, without hesitation

• सारथ्यम् (sārathyam) - charioteering, the office of a charioteer

• क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, it should be done

• इति (iti) - thus, so

Words meanings and morphology

अवमन्यसे (avamanyase) - you disrespect, you despise, you disregard

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of avaman

Present Middle Second Person Singular

Present tense, second person, singular, middle voice of root man with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of `avamanyase`.

गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - O Duryodhana (O son of Gandhari, O descendant of Gandhara)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gāndhāra

gāndhāra - belonging to Gandhara, a descendant of Gandhara, son of Gandhari

Note: Vocative address.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, indeed

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular of dhruva

Root: dhru (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of `pariśaṅkase`.

परिशङ्कसे (pariśaṅkase) - you doubt, you suspect

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pariśaṅk

Present Middle Second Person Singular

Present tense, second person, singular, middle voice of root śaṅk with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: śaṅk (class 1)

यत् (yat) - because, that (conj.)

(indeclinable)

Relative pronoun/conjunction

Note: Conjunction introducing a reason.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of `bravīṣi`.

ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you say, you tell

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present Active Second Person Singular

Present tense, second person, singular, active voice of root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

विस्रब्धम् (visrabdham) - confidently, trustingly, without hesitation

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of vi-śrambh (to trust), used adverbially

Prefix: vi

Root: śrambh (class 1)

Note: Adverb.

सारथ्यम् (sārathyam) - charioteering, the office of a charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sārathya

sārathya - charioteering, the duty of a charioteer

Formed from sārathi (charioteer) with suffix -ya

Note: Subject of the passive imperative `kriyatām`.

क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done, it should be done

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Passive Third Person Singular

Imperative mood, third person, singular, passive voice of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Particle used to mark the end of a quotation or thought