महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-23, verse-10

तथान्ये पुरुषव्याघ्राः परैर्विनिहता युधि ।
अस्मदीयाश्च बहवः स्वर्गायोपगता रणे ।
त्यक्त्वा प्राणान्यथाशक्ति चेष्टाः कृत्वा च पुष्कलाः ॥१०॥

10. tathānye puruṣavyāghrāḥ parairvinihatā yudhi ,
asmadīyāśca bahavaḥ svargāyopagatā raṇe ,
tyaktvā prāṇānyathāśakti ceṣṭāḥ kṛtvā ca puṣkalāḥ.

10. tathā anye puruṣavyāghrāḥ paraiḥ
vinihatāḥ yudhi asmadīyāḥ ca bahavaḥ
svargāya upagatāḥ raṇe tyaktvā prāṇān
yathāśakti ceṣṭāḥ kṛtvā ca puṣkalāḥ

10. tathā anye puruṣavyāghrāḥ paraiḥ yudhi vinihatāḥ.
ca bahavaḥ asmadīyāḥ raṇe prāṇān yathāśakti tyaktvā,
ca puṣkalāḥ ceṣṭāḥ kṛtvā,
svargāya upagatāḥ.

10. Similarly, other tiger-like men (excellent warriors) were slain in battle by the enemies. And many of our own warriors also went to heaven in the battle, having given up their lives according to their capacity (śakti) and having performed numerous valiant efforts.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - In the same way (as Bhīṣma and Droṇa died). (similarly, in that manner, thus)

• अन्ये (anye) - Other warriors (besides Bhīṣma and Droṇa). (other, different)

• पुरुषव्याघ्राः (puruṣavyāghrāḥ) - Describing other brave warriors. (tiger-like men, excellent men, brave warriors)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - By the opposing forces (Pandavas). (by others, by enemies)

• विनिहताः (vinihatāḥ) - Killed in battle. (completely slain, utterly destroyed)

• युधि (yudhi) - In the battlefield. (in battle, in fight)

• अस्मदीयाः (asmadīyāḥ) - Many of our own warriors (Kaurava side). (our own, belonging to us)

• च (ca) - and, also

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - Many of our own (warriors). (many, numerous)

• स्वर्गाय (svargāya) - As a destination, they went to heaven. (for heaven, to heaven)

• उपगताः (upagatāḥ) - They attained heaven. (approached, attained, gone to)

• रणे (raṇe) - In the battlefield. (in battle, in war)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - Having given up their lives. (having abandoned, having given up, having left)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - Their own lives. (lives, breaths, vital airs)

• यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - To the full extent of their strength/capacity (śakti). (according to strength, as much as possible, to the best of one's ability)

• चेष्टाः (ceṣṭāḥ) - Valiant efforts in battle. (efforts, endeavors, actions)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - Having performed efforts. (having done, having made, having performed)

• च (ca) - Connects 'tyaktvā prāṇān' and 'kṛtvā ceṣṭāḥ'. (and)

• पुष्कलाः (puṣkalāḥ) - Describing the abundant efforts. (abundant, ample, numerous, excellent)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - In the same way (as Bhīṣma and Droṇa died). (similarly, in that manner, thus)

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - Other warriors (besides Bhīṣma and Droṇa). (other, different)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

पुरुषव्याघ्राः (puruṣavyāghrāḥ) - Describing other brave warriors. (tiger-like men, excellent men, brave warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, brave warrior

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

परैः (paraiḥ) - By the opposing forces (Pandavas). (by others, by enemies)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, supreme

Note: Refers to enemies.

विनिहताः (vinihatāḥ) - Killed in battle. (completely slain, utterly destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinihata

vinihata - completely slain, utterly destroyed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

prefix vi- + ni- + root han (to strike, kill)

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

युधि (yudhi) - In the battlefield. (in battle, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

अस्मदीयाः (asmadīyāḥ) - Many of our own warriors (Kaurava side). (our own, belonging to us)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asmadīya

asmadīya - our own, belonging to us

suffix -īya to asmad

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - Many of our own (warriors). (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, much

स्वर्गाय (svargāya) - As a destination, they went to heaven. (for heaven, to heaven)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

Note: Denotes purpose or destination.

उपगताः (upagatāḥ) - They attained heaven. (approached, attained, gone to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upagata

upagata - approached, attained, gone near to, reached

Past Passive Participle

prefix upa- + root gam (to go)

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Plural form matches 'bahavaḥ' and 'asmadīyāḥ'.

रणे (raṇe) - In the battlefield. (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - Having given up their lives. (having abandoned, having given up, having left)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root tyaj (to abandon) + suffix -tvā

Root: tyaj (class 1)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - Their own lives. (lives, breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air (prāṇa), strength

यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - To the full extent of their strength/capacity (śakti). (according to strength, as much as possible, to the best of one's ability)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (yathā+śakti)

• yathā – as, according to, in such a manner
  indeclinable
• śakti – power, strength, ability, energy, divine feminine power (śakti)
  noun (feminine)

Note: Compound adverb.

चेष्टाः (ceṣṭāḥ) - Valiant efforts in battle. (efforts, endeavors, actions)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ceṣṭā

ceṣṭā - effort, exertion, activity, movement

From root ceṣṭ (to move, try)

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Plural noun.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - Having performed efforts. (having done, having made, having performed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root kṛ (to do) + suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - Connects 'tyaktvā prāṇān' and 'kṛtvā ceṣṭāḥ'. (and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

पुष्कलाः (puṣkalāḥ) - Describing the abundant efforts. (abundant, ample, numerous, excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of puṣkala

puṣkala - abundant, ample, copious, excellent, numerous

Note: Adjective for 'ceṣṭāḥ'.