महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-23, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
पुत्रस्तव महाराज मद्रराजमिदं वचः ।
विनयेनोपसंगम्य प्रणयाद्वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
putrastava mahārāja madrarājamidaṁ vacaḥ ,
vinayenopasaṁgamya praṇayādvākyamabravīt.

1. saṃjaya uvāca putraḥ tava mahārāja madrarājam idam
vacaḥ vinayena upasaṅgamya praṇayāt vākyam abravīt

1. saṃjaya uvāca mahārāja tava putraḥ madrarājam idam
vacaḥ vinayena upasaṅgamya praṇayāt vākyam abravīt

1. Sañjaya said: O great king, your son, having approached the king of Madras with humility and out of affection, spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

• तव (tava) - your

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

• मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - to King Śalya (to the king of Madras)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• विनयेन (vinayena) - with humility, respectfully

• उपसङ्गम्य (upasaṅgamya) - having approached, having come near

• प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - out of affection, from love, with confidence

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - your son (Duryodhana) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahant+rājan)

• mahant – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

मद्रराजम् (madrarājam) - to King Śalya (to the king of Madras)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of the Madras

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rājan)

• madra – the Madra country or its people
  proper noun (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

विनयेन (vinayena) - with humility, respectfully

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vinaya

vinaya - modesty, humility, discipline, good conduct

उपसङ्गम्य (upasaṅgamya) - having approached, having come near

(indeclinable)

gerund / absolutive

Prefixes: upa+sam

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रणयात् (praṇayāt) - out of affection, from love, with confidence

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of praṇaya

praṇaya - affection, love, confidence, intimacy

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, sentence, statement

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)