महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-91, verse-40

प्रगृह्य तु ततः खड्गं जलसंधो महाबलः ।
आर्षभं चर्म च महच्छतचन्द्रमलंकृतम् ।
तत आविध्य तं खड्गं सात्वतायोत्ससर्ज ह ॥४०॥

40. pragṛhya tu tataḥ khaḍgaṁ jalasaṁdho mahābalaḥ ,
ārṣabhaṁ carma ca mahacchatacandramalaṁkṛtam ,
tata āvidhya taṁ khaḍgaṁ sātvatāyotsasarja ha.

40. pragṛhya tu tataḥ khaḍgam jalasaṃdhaḥ
mahā-balaḥ ārṣabham carma ca mahat
śata-candram alaṃkṛtam tataḥ āvidhya
tam khaḍgam sātvatāya utsasarja ha

40. tu tataḥ mahā-balaḥ jalasaṃdhaḥ khaḍgam ca mahat śata-candram alaṃkṛtam ārṣabham carma pragṛhya,
tataḥ tam khaḍgam āvidhya,
sātvatāya utsasarja ha.

40. Then, Jalasandha, of great strength, having grasped a sword and a great bull-hide shield adorned with a hundred moon-like circles, subsequently twirled that sword and indeed hurled it at Sātvata.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having grasped, having seized

• तु (tu) - but, then, indeed

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereafter

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• जलसंधः (jalasaṁdhaḥ) - Jalasandha

• महा-बलः (mahā-balaḥ) - of great strength, mighty

• आर्षभम् (ārṣabham) - bull-hide, made of bull's skin

• चर्म (carma) - shield, hide, skin

• च (ca) - and

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• शत-चन्द्रम् (śata-candram) - adorned with a hundred moons/circles, having a hundred moons

• अलंकृतम् (alaṁkṛtam) - adorned, decorated

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• आविध्य (āvidhya) - having twirled, having whirled, having struck

• तम् (tam) - that

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• सात्वताय (sātvatāya) - to Sātvata, an epithet for Sātyaki (to Sātvata)

• उत्ससर्ज (utsasarja) - hurled, threw, discharged

• ह (ha) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having grasped, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'grah' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

तु (tu) - but, then, indeed

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix '-tas' added to 'tad'.

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, large sacrificial knife, rhinoceros

जलसंधः (jalasaṁdhaḥ) - Jalasandha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jalasaṃdha

jalasaṁdha - Jalasandha (a proper name, often an antagonist)

महा-बलः (mahā-balaḥ) - of great strength, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahā-bala

mahā-bala - of great strength, mighty, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'Jalasandhaḥ'.

आर्षभम् (ārṣabham) - bull-hide, made of bull's skin

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārṣabha

ārṣabha - belonging to a bull, made of bull's hide

Derived from 'ṛṣabha' (bull).

Note: Agrees with 'carma'.

चर्म (carma) - shield, hide, skin

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of carman

carman - skin, hide, leather, shield

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important

Note: Agrees with 'carma'.

शत-चन्द्रम् (śata-candram) - adorned with a hundred moons/circles, having a hundred moons

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śata-candra

śata-candra - having a hundred moons or moon-like marks/circles

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+candra)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• candra – moon, luminous, shining
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'carma'.

अलंकृतम् (alaṁkṛtam) - adorned, decorated

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of alaṃkṛta

alaṁkṛta - adorned, decorated, ornamented

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'kṛ' with prefix 'alam'.

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'carma'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix '-tas' added to 'tad'.

आविध्य (āvidhya) - having twirled, having whirled, having struck

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root 'vyadh' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vyadh (class 4)

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'khaḍgam'.

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, large sacrificial knife, rhinoceros

सात्वताय (sātvatāya) - to Sātvata, an epithet for Sātyaki (to Sātvata)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - descendant of Satvata, a name for Sātyaki, a Yadava

उत्ससर्ज (utsasarja) - hurled, threw, discharged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of utsṛj

Perfect tense of root 'sṛj' with prefix 'ut'.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

ह (ha) - indeed, verily (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)