महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-91, verse-19

सात्वतोऽपि शितैर्बाणैर्गजानीकमयोधयत् ।
पर्वतानिव वर्षेण तपान्ते जलदो महान् ॥१९॥

19. sātvato'pi śitairbāṇairgajānīkamayodhayat ,
parvatāniva varṣeṇa tapānte jalado mahān.

19. sātvataḥ api śitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ gajānīkam ayodhayat
parvatān iva varṣeṇa tapānte jaladaḥ mahān

19. sātvataḥ api śitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ gajānīkam ayodhayat,
mahān jaladaḥ tapānte varṣeṇa parvatān iva

19. The Sātvata also fought the elephant army with sharp arrows, just as a great cloud showers mountains with rain at the end of the summer season.

Words meanings summery:

• सात्वतः (sātvataḥ) - the Sātvata (a warrior, usually Kṛṣṇa or from that clan)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

• गजानीकम् (gajānīkam) - the elephant army

• अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he fought

• पर्वतान् (parvatān) - mountains

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वर्षेण (varṣeṇa) - by rain

• तपान्ते (tapānte) - at the end of summer/heat

• जलदः (jaladaḥ) - cloud (rain-giver)

• महान् (mahān) - great, large

Words meanings and morphology

सात्वतः (sātvataḥ) - the Sātvata (a warrior, usually Kṛṣṇa or from that clan)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - belonging to the Sātvata clan, a descendant of Satvata, a warrior

Note: Subject of 'ayodhayat'.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or inclusive particle.

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `śo` (to sharpen).

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇaiḥ'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Means by which the Sātvata fought.

गजानीकम् (gajānīkam) - the elephant army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gajānīka

gajānīka - elephant army, elephant host

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+anīka)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, array
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'ayodhayat'.

अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect tense, causal

Imperfect 3rd person singular, causal form of root `yudh` (to fight), meaning 'caused to fight' or 'fought against'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

पर्वतान् (parvatān) - mountains

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Note: Object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for simile.

वर्षेण (varṣeṇa) - by rain

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, raining, year

Derived from root `vṛṣ` (to rain).

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Means by which the cloud acts.

तपान्ते (tapānte) - at the end of summer/heat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tapānta

tapānta - end of summer, end of heat

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapa+anta)

• tapa – heat, summer, penance (tapas)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• anta – end, limit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Time adverbial.

जलदः (jaladaḥ) - cloud (rain-giver)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jalada

jalada - cloud (giver of water)

Formed from `jala` (water) and `da` (giver, from root `dā` to give).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+da)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root `dā` (to give) with `ka` suffix.
  Root: dā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.

महान् (mahān) - great, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Qualifies 'jaladaḥ'.