महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-91, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
शृणुष्वैकमना राजन्यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि ।
द्राव्यमाणे बले तस्मिन्हार्दिक्येन महात्मना ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
śṛṇuṣvaikamanā rājanyanmāṁ tvaṁ paripṛcchasi ,
drāvyamāṇe bale tasminhārdikyena mahātmanā.

1. sañjaya uvāca śṛṇuṣva ekamanāḥ rājan yat mām tvam
paripṛcchasi drāvyamāṇe bale tasmin hārdikyena mahātmanā

1. sañjaya uvāca rājan ekamanāḥ śṛṇuṣva yat tvam mām
paripṛcchasi tasmin hārdikyena mahātmanā drāvyamāṇe bale

1. Sañjaya said: "Listen attentively, O King, to what you are asking me, concerning that army being routed by the great-souled Hārdikya."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (the narrator) (Sañjaya (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (imperative command) (listen, hear)

• एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - attentively (single-minded, attentive, concentrated)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• यत् (yat) - what (you are asking) (what, which, that (relative pronoun))

• माम् (mām) - me (me (accusative of I))

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (King Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (you (nominative singular))

• परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you are asking (you ask, you inquire)

• द्राव्यमाणे (drāvyamāṇe) - concerning the army being routed (in the being driven, in the being pursued)

• बले (bale) - in that army (in the army, in the force, in strength)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (army) (in that, in him, in it)

• हार्दिक्येन (hārdikyena) - by Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) (by Hārdikya, by Kṛtavarman)

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Hārdikya) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya (the narrator) (Sañjaya (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect 3rd Singular Active

Reduplicated perfect form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - listen (imperative command) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative 2nd Singular Middle

Root śru, present stem śṛṇu, imperative -ṣva

Root: śru (class 5)

एकमनाः (ekamanāḥ) - attentively (single-minded, attentive, concentrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekamanas

ekamanas - single-minded, attentive, concentrated

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+manas)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

यत् (yat) - what (you are asking) (what, which, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Acts as the object of 'paripṛcchasi'.

माम् (mām) - me (me (accusative of I))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

त्वम् (tvam) - you (King Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (you (nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

परिपृच्छसि (paripṛcchasi) - you are asking (you ask, you inquire)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prac-ch

Present 2nd Singular Active

Root pra-cch, present stem pṛccha

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: The prefix 'pari' is significant here, meaning 'about, concerning, completely.'

द्राव्यमाणे (drāvyamāṇe) - concerning the army being routed (in the being driven, in the being pursued)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of drāvyamāṇa

drāvyamāṇa - being driven, being pursued, being put to flight

Present Passive Participle (Causative)

Derived from root drā (to run) via causative drāv- with suffix -māna

Root: drā (class 1)

बले (bale) - in that army (in the army, in the force, in strength)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (army) (in that, in him, in it)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agreement with 'bale' and 'drāvyamāṇe'.

हार्दिक्येन (hārdikyena) - by Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) (by Hārdikya, by Kṛtavarman)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hārdikya

hārdikya - son of Hṛdika, Kṛtavarman

Patronymic from Hṛdika

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'drāvyamāṇe'.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled (Hārdikya) (by the great-souled one, by the noble one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreement with 'hārdikyena'.