महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-91, verse-13

एते हि बहवः सूत दुर्निवार्याश्च संयुगे ।
दुर्योधनसमादिष्टा मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः ।
राजपुत्रा महेष्वासाः सर्वे विक्रान्तयोधिनः ॥१३॥

13. ete hi bahavaḥ sūta durnivāryāśca saṁyuge ,
duryodhanasamādiṣṭā madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ ,
rājaputrā maheṣvāsāḥ sarve vikrāntayodhinaḥ.

13. ete hi bahavaḥ sūta durnivāryāḥ
ca saṃyuge duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ
madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ rājaputrāḥ
maheṣvāsāḥ sarve vikrāntayodhinaḥ

13. sūta hi ete bahavaḥ rājaputrāḥ
sarve maheṣvāsāḥ vikrāntayodhinaḥ
ca saṃyuge durnivāryāḥ
duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ madarthe tyaktajīvitāḥ

13. Indeed, O charioteer, these numerous princes—all great archers and valiant warriors—are difficult to repel in battle. They have been commanded by Duryodhana and have sacrificed their lives for my sake.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these (these (masculine plural))

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - numerous (many, numerous)

• सूत (sūta) - O charioteer! (O charioteer!, O bard!)

• दुर्निवार्याः (durnivāryāḥ) - difficult to repel (difficult to restrain, hard to repel, invincible)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat, in union)

• दुर्योधनसमादिष्टाः (duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ) - commanded by Duryodhana (commanded by Duryodhana, ordered by Duryodhana)

• मदर्थे (madarthe) - for my sake (for my sake, for my purpose)

• त्यक्तजीविताः (tyaktajīvitāḥ) - who have sacrificed their lives (having given up their lives, ready to die)

• राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes (princes, royal sons)

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, having great bows)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• विक्रान्तयोधिनः (vikrāntayodhinaḥ) - valiant warriors (valiant warriors, brave fighters)

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these (these (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'rājaputrāḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle emphasizing previous statement.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - numerous (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

सूत (sūta) - O charioteer! (O charioteer!, O bard!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, herald, son

दुर्निवार्याः (durnivāryāḥ) - difficult to repel (difficult to restrain, hard to repel, invincible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durnivārya

durnivārya - difficult to restrain, hard to repel, invincible, unconquerable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From √vṛ (to cover, stop) with prefixes dur and ni.

Prefixes: dur+ni

Root: √vṛ (class 5)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'durnivāryāḥ' to other qualities.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle (in battle, in combat, in union)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, union, conjunction

From √yuj (to join) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: √yuj (class 7)

दुर्योधनसमादिष्टाः (duryodhanasamādiṣṭāḥ) - commanded by Duryodhana (commanded by Duryodhana, ordered by Duryodhana)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duryodhanasamādiṣṭa

duryodhanasamādiṣṭa - commanded by Duryodhana, appointed by Duryodhana

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Tatpuruṣa compound of Duryodhana and samādiṣṭa.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+samādiṣṭa)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (eldest of the Kauravas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• samādiṣṭa – commanded, ordered, appointed, instructed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √diś (to point, show) with prefixes sam and ā.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: √diś (class 6)

मदर्थे (madarthe) - for my sake (for my sake, for my purpose)

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'mad' (my) and 'artha' (purpose/sake). Locative case used adverbially.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+artha)

• mad – my (alternative form of mama)
  pronoun
  Genitive singular of 'aham' (I), used as a prefix.
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

त्यक्तजीविताः (tyaktajīvitāḥ) - who have sacrificed their lives (having given up their lives, ready to die)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tyaktajīvita

tyaktajīvita - having given up life, sacrificed life, ready to die

Bahuvrīhi compound, with a Past Passive Participle as its first member.

Bahuvrīhi compound: tyakta (given up) + jīvita (life).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tyakta+jīvita)

• tyakta – given up, abandoned, sacrificed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √tyaj (to abandon, give up).
  Root: √tyaj (class 1)
• jīvita – life, living, alive
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (nominalized)
  From √jīv (to live).
  Root: √jīv (class 1)

राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes (princes, royal sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, son of a king

Tatpuruṣa compound: rājan (king) + putra (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Main subject of the sentence.

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, having great bows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, having a great bow

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + iṣvāsa (bow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
  Stem form of mahat (great).
• iṣvāsa – bow (literally arrow-shooter)
  noun (masculine)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

Universal pronoun.

Note: Adjective modifying 'rājaputrāḥ'.

विक्रान्तयोधिनः (vikrāntayodhinaḥ) - valiant warriors (valiant warriors, brave fighters)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikrāntayodhin

vikrāntayodhin - valiant warrior, brave fighter, heroic in battle

Tatpuruṣa or descriptive compound.

Compound of vikrānta (valiant/brave) and yodhin (fighter).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vikrānta+yodhin)

• vikrānta – valiant, brave, mighty, courageous
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kram (to step) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √kram (class 1)
• yodhin – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From √yudh (to fight) with suffix -in.
  Root: √yudh (class 4)