महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-91, verse-20

वज्राशनिसमस्पर्शैर्वध्यमानाः शरैर्गजाः ।
प्राद्रवन्रणमुत्सृज्य शिनिवीर्यसमीरितैः ॥२०॥

20. vajrāśanisamasparśairvadhyamānāḥ śarairgajāḥ ,
prādravanraṇamutsṛjya śinivīryasamīritaiḥ.

20. vajrāśanisamasparśaiḥ vadhyamānāḥ śaraiḥ gajāḥ
prādravan raṇam utsṛjya śinīvīryasamīritaiḥ

20. gajāḥ vajrāśanisamasparśaiḥ śaraiḥ vadhyamānāḥ
śinīvīryasamīritaiḥ (śaraiḥ) raṇam utsṛjya prādravan

20. The elephants, being struck by arrows with a touch like thunderbolts and lightning, fled the battle, abandoning it, propelled by the valor of the descendant of Śini.

Words meanings summery:

• वज्राशनिसमस्पर्शैः (vajrāśanisamasparśaiḥ) - with touches like thunderbolts and lightning

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being struck down, being killed

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, ran away

• रणम् (raṇam) - battle, combat

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning, leaving

• शिनीवीर्यसमीरितैः (śinīvīryasamīritaiḥ) - propelled by the valor of Sātyaki (descendant of Śini) (by those propelled by the valor of Śini's descendant)

Words meanings and morphology

वज्राशनिसमस्पर्शैः (vajrāśanisamasparśaiḥ) - with touches like thunderbolts and lightning

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vajrāśanisamasparśa

vajrāśanisamasparśa - having a touch like thunderbolts and lightning

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vajra+aśani+sama+sparśa)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (neuter)
• aśani – lightning, thunderbolt
  noun (masculine)
• sama – like, similar, equal
  adjective
• sparśa – touch, contact
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `spṛś` (to touch).
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ'.

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being struck down, being killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being struck

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root `vadh` (to strike, kill), passive voice, present tense.

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'gajāḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'vadhyamānāḥ'.

गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Subject of 'prādravan'.

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of drāv

Imperfect tense

Imperfect 3rd person plural of root `dru` (to run) with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

रणम् (raṇam) - battle, combat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'utsṛjya'.

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning, leaving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root `sṛj` (to create, emit) with prefix `ut`, meaning 'having abandoned'.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Modifies the action of fleeing.

शिनीवीर्यसमीरितैः (śinīvīryasamīritaiḥ) - propelled by the valor of Sātyaki (descendant of Śini) (by those propelled by the valor of Śini's descendant)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śinīvīryasamīrita

śinīvīryasamīrita - impelled by the valor of Śini's descendant

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Formed from `Śini-vīrya` (valor of Śini's descendant) and `samīrita` (impelled, from `sam` + root `īr` + P.P.P suffix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śinīvīrya+samīrita)

• śinīvīrya – valor of Śini
  noun (neuter)
• samīrita – impelled, set in motion
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `īr` (to move, excite) with prefix `sam`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śaraiḥ' (the arrows were impelled by Sātyaki's valor).