महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-46, verse-42

आदित्यपथगः केतुस्तस्याद्भुतमनोरमः ।
शासनात्पुरुहूतस्य निर्मितो विश्वकर्मणा ॥४२॥

42. ādityapathagaḥ ketustasyādbhutamanoramaḥ ,
śāsanātpuruhūtasya nirmito viśvakarmaṇā.

42. ādityapathagaḥ ketuḥ tasya adbhutamanoramaḥ
śāsanāt puruhūtasya nirmitaḥ viśvakarmaṇā

42. tasya ādityapathagaḥ adbhutamanoramaḥ ketuḥ
(saḥ) puruhūtasya śāsanāt viśvakarmaṇā nirmitaḥ

42. Arjuna's banner (ketu) was wonderfully charming and flew high in the sun's path. It was fashioned by Viśvakarmā at the command of Indra (puruhūta).

Words meanings summery:

• आदित्यपथगः (ādityapathagaḥ) - flying high in the path of the sun (moving in the path of the sun)

• केतुः (ketuḥ) - banner (Arjuna's distinctive emblem) (banner, flag, standard, sign)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Arjuna's) (his, its, of him)

• अद्भुतमनोरमः (adbhutamanoramaḥ) - wonderfully beautiful and charming (wonderfully beautiful/charming)

• शासनात् (śāsanāt) - by the command (from the command, by the instruction)

• पुरुहूतस्य (puruhūtasya) - of Indra (puruhūta) (of Puruhūta (Indra))

• निर्मितः (nirmitaḥ) - fashioned, built (created, fashioned, constructed)

• विश्वकर्मणा (viśvakarmaṇā) - by Viśvakarmā (by Viśvakarmā (divine architect))

Words meanings and morphology

आदित्यपथगः (ādityapathagaḥ) - flying high in the path of the sun (moving in the path of the sun)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādityapathaga

ādityapathaga - moving in the path of the sun

Compound type : tatpurusha (āditya+patha+ga)

• āditya – sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• patha – path, road
  noun (masculine)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies ketuḥ.

केतुः (ketuḥ) - banner (Arjuna's distinctive emblem) (banner, flag, standard, sign)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ketu

ketu - banner, flag, standard, sign

Note: The main subject of the sentence.

तस्य (tasya) - his (Arjuna's) (his, its, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

अद्भुतमनोरमः (adbhutamanoramaḥ) - wonderfully beautiful and charming (wonderfully beautiful/charming)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adbhutamanorama

adbhutamanorama - wonderfully beautiful/charming

Compound type : tatpurusha (adbhuta+manorama)

• adbhuta – wonderful, astonishing
  adjective (neuter)
• manorama – charming, beautiful, pleasing to the mind
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies ketuḥ.

शासनात् (śāsanāt) - by the command (from the command, by the instruction)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - command, instruction, ruling

From root śās (to command, instruct)

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Indicates the source of creation.

पुरुहूतस्य (puruhūtasya) - of Indra (puruhūta) (of Puruhūta (Indra))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruhūta

puruhūta - often invoked, Indra

Compound type : bahuvrihi (puru+hūta)

• puru – much, many
  indeclinable
• hūta – invoked, called
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root hve (to call)
  Root: hve (class 1)

Note: Refers to Indra.

निर्मितः (nirmitaḥ) - fashioned, built (created, fashioned, constructed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirmita

nirmita - created, fashioned, constructed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of ni-mā (to build, fashion)

Prefix: ni

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies ketuḥ.

विश्वकर्मणा (viśvakarmaṇā) - by Viśvakarmā (by Viśvakarmā (divine architect))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viśvakarman

viśvakarman - Viśvakarmā (the divine architect, all-maker)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (viśva+karman)

• viśva – all, universal
  adjective (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agent of nirmitaḥ.