महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-40, verse-41

ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशां शूद्राणां च परंतप ।
कर्माणि प्रविभक्तानि स्वभावप्रभवैर्गुणैः ॥४१॥

41. brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśāṁ śūdrāṇāṁ ca paraṁtapa ,
karmāṇi pravibhaktāni svabhāvaprabhavairguṇaiḥ.

41. brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśām śūdrāṇām ca parantapa
karmāṇi pravibhaktāni svabhāvaprabhavaiḥ guṇaiḥ

41. parantapa brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśām śūdrāṇām ca
karmāṇi svabhāvaprabhavaiḥ guṇaiḥ pravibhaktāni

41. O conqueror of enemies, the actions (karma) of brāhmaṇas, kṣatriyas, vaiśyas, and śūdras are distinctly categorized by the qualities arising from their intrinsic nature (svabhāva).

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशाम् (brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśām) - of Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas

• शूद्राणाम् (śūdrāṇām) - of the Shudras

• च (ca) - and

• परन्तप (parantapa) - Addressed to Arjuna. (O scorcher of foes; O tormentor of enemies)

• कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - The prescribed duties for each social class. (actions, duties, works)

• प्रविभक्तानि (pravibhaktāni) - distinctly categorized (divided, separated, apportioned, classified)

• स्वभावप्रभवैः (svabhāvaprabhavaiḥ) - by qualities arising from one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva) (by those born of intrinsic nature; by those originating from one's own nature)

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by the three constituents of material nature (sattva, rajas, tamas) which manifest as specific qualities. (by qualities, by attributes, by constituents)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशाम् (brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśām) - of Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviś

brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviś - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas (the three higher social classes)

Compound type : dvandva (brāhmaṇa+kṣatriya+viś)

• brāhmaṇa – Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class
  noun (masculine)
  From brahman + aṇ (taddhita suffix)
• kṣatriya – Kshatriya, one belonging to the warrior/ruling class
  noun (masculine)
  From kṣatra + iya (taddhita suffix)
• viś – Vaishya, one belonging to the merchant/agriculturist class; people, subject
  noun (masculine)
  Root: viś (class 6)

शूद्राणाम् (śūdrāṇām) - of the Shudras

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śūdra

śūdra - Shudra, one belonging to the laborer/service class

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

परन्तप (parantapa) - Addressed to Arjuna. (O scorcher of foes; O tormentor of enemies)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of parantapa

parantapa - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+tapa)

• para – other, supreme, enemy
  adjective
• tapa – heating, tormenting, asceticism
  noun (masculine)
  From tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: A common epithet for Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita.

कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - The prescribed duties for each social class. (actions, duties, works)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, duty, fate (karma)

From root kṛ (to do) + man (suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रविभक्तानि (pravibhaktāni) - distinctly categorized (divided, separated, apportioned, classified)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pravibhakta

pravibhakta - divided, separated, apportioned

Past Passive Participle

pra + vi + bhaj + kta

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with karmāṇi.

स्वभावप्रभवैः (svabhāvaprabhavaiḥ) - by qualities arising from one's intrinsic nature (svabhāva) (by those born of intrinsic nature; by those originating from one's own nature)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of svabhāvaprabhava

svabhāvaprabhava - born of one's own nature, originating from one's inherent disposition

Compound type : tatpurusha (svabhāva+prabhava)

• svabhāva – one's own nature, intrinsic nature, inherent disposition
  noun (masculine)
• prabhava – origin, source, birth, born from
  noun (masculine)
  pra + bhū + a
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with guṇaiḥ.

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by the three constituents of material nature (sattva, rajas, tamas) which manifest as specific qualities. (by qualities, by attributes, by constituents)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of nature, rope, strand