महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-40, verse-8

दुःखमित्येव यत्कर्म कायक्लेशभयात्त्यजेत् ।
स कृत्वा राजसं त्यागं नैव त्यागफलं लभेत् ॥८॥

8. duḥkhamityeva yatkarma kāyakleśabhayāttyajet ,
sa kṛtvā rājasaṁ tyāgaṁ naiva tyāgaphalaṁ labhet.

8. duḥkham iti eva yat karma kāyakleśabhayāt tyajet
sa kṛtvā rājasam tyāgam na eva tyāgaphalam labhet

8. yat karma duḥkham iti eva kāyakleśabhayāt tyajet
sa rājasam tyāgam kṛtvā tyāgaphalam na eva labhet

8. When one abandons an action (karma) simply because it is painful, out of fear of physical discomfort, such a person, having performed a renunciation (tyāga) of the quality of passion (rājasa), does not obtain the fruit of true renunciation.

Words meanings summery:

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - pain, suffering

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma), deed

• कायक्लेशभयात् (kāyakleśabhayāt) - from fear of bodily discomfort

• त्यजेत् (tyajet) - one should abandon

• स (sa) - he, that person

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

• राजसम् (rājasam) - of the quality of passion (rajas), passionate

• त्यागम् (tyāgam) - renunciation (tyāga), abandonment

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

• त्यागफलम् (tyāgaphalam) - the fruit of renunciation

• लभेत् (labhet) - one would obtain

Words meanings and morphology

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - pain, suffering

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, suffering, sorrow, discomfort

Note: Used here predicatively.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

कर्म (karma) - action (karma), deed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, ritual, destiny, effect of actions

From root √kṛ (to do) + man suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कायक्लेशभयात् (kāyakleśabhayāt) - from fear of bodily discomfort

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāyakleśabhaya

kāyakleśabhaya - fear of bodily discomfort/pain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāya+kleśa+bhaya)

• kāya – body
  noun (masculine)
• kleśa – pain, distress, affliction, suffering
  noun (masculine)
  From root √kliś (to suffer) + a suffix.
  Root: kliś (class 4)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From root √bhī (to fear) + a suffix.
  Root: bhī (class 3)

त्यजेत् (tyajet) - one should abandon

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

स (sa) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √kṛ (to do) + suffix -ktvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राजसम् (rājasam) - of the quality of passion (rajas), passionate

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājasa

rājasa - relating to rajas (the quality of passion, activity); passionate, active

From rajas + aṇ suffix.

त्यागम् (tyāgam) - renunciation (tyāga), abandonment

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice

From root √tyaj (to abandon) + ghañ suffix.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

त्यागफलम् (tyāgaphalam) - the fruit of renunciation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tyāgaphala

tyāgaphala - the fruit or result of renunciation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tyāga+phala)

• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation
  noun (masculine)
  From root √tyaj (to abandon) + ghañ suffix.
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

लभेत् (labhet) - one would obtain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)