महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-40, verse-51

बुद्ध्या विशुद्धया युक्तो धृत्यात्मानं नियम्य च ।
शब्दादीन्विषयांस्त्यक्त्वा रागद्वेषौ व्युदस्य च ॥५१॥

51. buddhyā viśuddhayā yukto dhṛtyātmānaṁ niyamya ca ,
śabdādīnviṣayāṁstyaktvā rāgadveṣau vyudasya ca.

51. buddhyā viśuddhayā yuktaḥ dhṛtyā ātmānam niyamya
ca śabdādīn viṣayān tyaktvā rāgadveṣau vyudasya ca

51. viśuddhayā buddhyā yuktaḥ,
dhṛtyā ātmānam niyamya ca,
śabdādīn viṣayān tyaktvā ca,
rāgadveṣau vyudasya ca (asti).

51. Endowed with a thoroughly purified intellect, controlling the self (ātman) with firm resolve, abandoning the sense objects beginning with sound, and casting aside both attachment and aversion.

Words meanings summery:

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding

• विशुद्धया (viśuddhayā) - by a purified, by a thoroughly clean

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, connected to, engaged in

• धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by determination, by firmness, by fortitude

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self, the soul

• नियम्य (niyamya) - having controlled, having restrained

• च (ca) - and

• शब्दादीन् (śabdādīn) - sound and other sense objects (beginning with sound, etc.)

• विषयान् (viṣayān) - objects (of senses), sense objects

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

• रागद्वेषौ (rāgadveṣau) - attachment and aversion (dual)

• व्युदस्य (vyudasya) - having cast away, having thrown off

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment

विशुद्धया (viśuddhayā) - by a purified, by a thoroughly clean

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of viśuddhā

viśuddha - purified, clean, pure

Past Passive Participle

from root √śudh (to purify) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: śudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with buddhyā.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, connected to, engaged in

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, fit

Past Passive Participle

from root √yuj (to join)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to the subject of the verse, implied "he" or "one".

धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by determination, by firmness, by fortitude

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - firmness, determination, resolve, fortitude

from root √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the self, the soul

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Object of niyamya.

नियम्य (niyamya) - having controlled, having restrained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

from root √yam (to restrain) with prefix ni, using -ya suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Expresses a prior action.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins clauses.

शब्दादीन् (śabdādīn) - sound and other sense objects (beginning with sound, etc.)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śabdādi

śabdādi - beginning with sound, sound etc. (referring to the five sense objects: sound, touch, form, taste, smell)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śabda+ādi)

• śabda – sound, word
  noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and so on
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies viṣayān.

विषयान् (viṣayān) - objects (of senses), sense objects

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viṣaya

viṣaya - object (of sense), sphere, range, subject

Note: Object of tyaktvā.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

from root √tyaj (to abandon) with -tvā suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Expresses a prior action.

रागद्वेषौ (rāgadveṣau) - attachment and aversion (dual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of rāgadveṣa

rāgadveṣa - attachment and aversion, liking and disliking

Compound type : dvandva (rāga+dveṣa)

• rāga – attachment, affection, color
  noun (masculine)
• dveṣa – aversion, hatred, dislike
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of vyudasya.

व्युदस्य (vyudasya) - having cast away, having thrown off

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

from root √as (to throw) with prefixes vi and ud, using -ya suffix

Prefixes: vi+ud

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Expresses a prior action.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins clauses.