महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-40, verse-1

अर्जुन उवाच ।
संन्यासस्य महाबाहो तत्त्वमिच्छामि वेदितुम् ।
त्यागस्य च हृषीकेश पृथक्केशिनिषूदन ॥१॥

1. arjuna uvāca ,
saṁnyāsasya mahābāho tattvamicchāmi veditum ,
tyāgasya ca hṛṣīkeśa pṛthakkeśiniṣūdana.

1. arjuna uvāca saṃnyāsasya mahābāho tattvam icchāmi
veditum tyāgasya ca hṛṣīkeśa pṛthak keśiniṣūdana

1. mahābāho hṛṣīkeśa keśiniṣūdana arjuna uvāca
saṃnyāsasya tyāgasya ca tattvam pṛthak veditum icchāmi

1. Arjuna said: O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), O master of the senses (hṛṣīkeśa), O slayer of Keśin (keśiniṣūdana), I wish to know the true nature (tattva) of both renunciation (saṃnyāsa) and relinquishment (tyāga) separately.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• संन्यासस्य (saṁnyāsasya) - of renunciation (saṃnyāsa) (of renunciation, of asceticism)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the truth, reality, essential nature

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand

• त्यागस्य (tyāgasya) - of relinquishment (tyāga) (of relinquishment, of abandonment)

• च (ca) - and

• हृषीकेश (hṛṣīkeśa) - O master of the senses

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, distinctly

• केशिनिषूदन (keśiniṣūdana) - O slayer of Keśin

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍava brothers)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

from root vac, perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

संन्यासस्य (saṁnyāsasya) - of renunciation (saṃnyāsa) (of renunciation, of asceticism)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saṃnyāsa

saṁnyāsa - renunciation, asceticism, abandoning

from sam-ni-as

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: as (class 2)

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having mighty arms, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the truth, reality, essential nature

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, principle, essential nature

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

present active

from root iṣ, present tense, 1st person singular

Root: iṣ (class 6)

वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand

(indeclinable)

infinitive

infinitive from root vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: infinitive

त्यागस्य (tyāgasya) - of relinquishment (tyāga) (of relinquishment, of abandonment)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, relinquishment, sacrifice

from root tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हृषीकेश (hṛṣīkeśa) - O master of the senses

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of hṛṣīkeśa

hṛṣīkeśa - master of the senses (an epithet of Krishna)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hṛṣīka+īśa)

• hṛṣīka – sense, organ of sense
  noun (neuter)
• īśa – lord, master
  noun (masculine)

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, distinctly

(indeclinable)

केशिनिषूदन (keśiniṣūdana) - O slayer of Keśin

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśiniṣūdana

keśiniṣūdana - slayer of the demon Keśin (an epithet of Krishna)

Compound type : tatpurusha (keśin+niṣūdana)

• keśin – name of a demon
  proper noun (masculine)
• niṣūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  from ni-sūd
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sūd (class 10)