महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-40, verse-22

यत्तु कृत्स्नवदेकस्मिन्कार्ये सक्तमहैतुकम् ।
अतत्त्वार्थवदल्पं च तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥२२॥

22. yattu kṛtsnavadekasminkārye saktamahaitukam ,
atattvārthavadalpaṁ ca tattāmasamudāhṛtam.

22. yat tu kṛtsnavat ekasmin kārye saktam ahaitukam
atattvārthavat alpam ca tat tāmasam udāhṛtam

22. tu yat jñānam ekasmin kārye kṛtsnavat saktam,
ahaitukam,
atattvārthavat ca alpam asti,
tat tāmasam udāhṛtam

22. However, that knowledge (jñāna) which is attached to a single effect as if it were the whole, is without rational basis, devoid of true meaning, and is trifling—that is declared to be of the nature of ignorance (tamas).

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - which

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• कृत्स्नवत् (kṛtsnavat) - as if it were the whole, entirely, completely

• एकस्मिन् (ekasmin) - in one, in a single

• कार्ये (kārye) - in an effect, in an action, in an object

• सक्तम् (saktam) - attached, clinging, devoted

• अहैतुकम् (ahaitukam) - without reason, causeless, groundless

• अतत्त्वार्थवत् (atattvārthavat) - devoid of true meaning, without reality's essence

• अल्पम् (alpam) - small, trifling, insignificant

• च (ca) - and

• तत् (tat) - that

• तामसम् (tāmasam) - of the nature of ignorance (tamas)

• उदाहृतम् (udāhṛtam) - is declared, is said, is expressed

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

कृत्स्नवत् (kṛtsnavat) - as if it were the whole, entirely, completely

(indeclinable)

from kṛtsna (whole, entire) + vat (suffix 'like, as if')

एकस्मिन् (ekasmin) - in one, in a single

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with kārye

कार्ये (kārye) - in an effect, in an action, in an object

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - work, action, effect, what is to be done, duty

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

from root kṛ (to do) + ṇyat suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सक्तम् (saktam) - attached, clinging, devoted

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sakta

sakta - attached, clinging, devoted to, capable, fixed

Past Passive Participle

from root sañj (to cling, be attached) + kta suffix

Root: sañj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with jñānam (implied)

अहैतुकम् (ahaitukam) - without reason, causeless, groundless

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ahaituka

ahaituka - without cause or reason, causeless, unmotivated

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hetuka)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• hetuka – having a cause, causal, having a motive
  adjective (neuter)
  from hetu (cause, reason) + ka (suffix)

Note: Agrees with jñānam (implied)

अतत्त्वार्थवत् (atattvārthavat) - devoid of true meaning, without reality's essence

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of atattvārthavat

atattvārthavat - having no true meaning, unreal, absurd, not having the sense of reality

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tattvārthavat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• tattvārthavat – having true meaning, realistic, having the sense of reality
  adjective (neuter)
  from tattvārtha (true meaning) + vat (possessive suffix)

Note: Agrees with jñānam (implied)

अल्पम् (alpam) - small, trifling, insignificant

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, trifling, few

Note: Agrees with jñānam (implied)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

तामसम् (tāmasam) - of the nature of ignorance (tamas)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tāmasa

tāmasa - relating to tamas, dark, ignorant, dull, caused by tamas

from tamas (darkness, ignorance) + a (suffix)

Note: Agrees with jñānam (implied)

उदाहृतम् (udāhṛtam) - is declared, is said, is expressed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udāhṛta

udāhṛta - declared, said, expressed, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

from root hṛ (to carry) with upasargas ud-ā- + kta suffix

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)