महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-107, verse-7

भगदत्तस्ततः क्रुद्धो माधवं निशितैः शरैः ।
ताडयामास समरे तोत्त्रैरिव महागजम् ॥७॥

7. bhagadattastataḥ kruddho mādhavaṁ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
tāḍayāmāsa samare tottrairiva mahāgajam.

7. bhagadattaḥ tataḥ kruddhaḥ mādhavam niśitaiḥ
śaraiḥ tāḍayāmāsa samare tottraiḥ iva mahāgajam

7. tataḥ kruddhaḥ bhagadattaḥ samare niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
tottraiḥ iva mahāgajam mādhavam tāḍayāmāsa

7. Then, angered, Bhagadatta struck Mādhava in battle with sharp arrows, just as one would strike a great elephant with goads.

Words meanings summery:

• भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - King Bhagadatta of Pragjyotisha (Bhagadatta)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry, enraged

• माधवम् (mādhavam) - Mādhava (Satyaki) (Mādhava)

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• ताडयामास (tāḍayāmāsa) - he struck, he beat

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• तोत्त्रैः (tottraiḥ) - with goads

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• महागजम् (mahāgajam) - a great elephant

Words meanings and morphology

भगदत्तः (bhagadattaḥ) - King Bhagadatta of Pragjyotisha (Bhagadatta)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagadatta

bhagadatta - name of a king of Pragjyotisha, son of Naraka

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry, enraged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angered, wrathful, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

माधवम् (mādhavam) - Mādhava (Satyaki) (Mādhava)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu, a name for Krishna/Vishnu, name of Satyaki

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, whetted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

ताडयामास (tāḍayāmāsa) - he struck, he beat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √taḍ

Perfect Tense (Lit La-kāra), Causative

Periphrastic perfect of the causative stem 'tāḍaya', formed with 'āmāsa'.

Root: taḍ (class 10)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat, conflict

तोत्त्रैः (tottraiḥ) - with goads

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of tottra

tottra - goad, an elephant hook

Root: tud (class 6)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

महागजम् (mahāgajam) - a great elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāgaja

mahāgaja - a large elephant, a mighty elephant

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+gaja)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)