महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-127, verse-51

समं हि राज्यं प्रीतिश्च स्थानं च विजितात्मनाम् ।
पाण्डवेष्वथ युष्मासु धर्मस्त्वभ्यधिकस्ततः ॥५१॥

51. samaṁ hi rājyaṁ prītiśca sthānaṁ ca vijitātmanām ,
pāṇḍaveṣvatha yuṣmāsu dharmastvabhyadhikastataḥ.

51. samam hi rājyam prītiḥ ca sthānam ca vijitātmanām
pāṇḍaveṣu atha yuṣmāsu dharmaḥ tu abhyadhikaḥ tataḥ

51. hi vijitātmanām rājyam prītiḥ ca sthānam ca samam
tu pāṇḍaveṣu atha yuṣmāsu tataḥ dharmaḥ abhyadhikaḥ

51. For those who have conquered themselves (vijitātmanām), kingdom, affection, and position are indeed of equal importance. But for the Pandavas and for you (Kauravas), constitutional order (dharma) is superior to these.

Words meanings summery:

• समम् (samam) - equal, impartial, same

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection, love, satisfaction

• च (ca) - and

• स्थानम् (sthānam) - place, position, rank

• च (ca) - and

• विजितात्मनाम् (vijitātmanām) - of those who have conquered themselves, of self-controlled ones

• पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - in the Pandavas, regarding the Pandavas, towards the Pandavas

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• युष्मासु (yuṣmāsu) - in you, among you (Kauravas), regarding you

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - greater, superior, more

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore, from that, thence

Words meanings and morphology

समम् (samam) - equal, impartial, same

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - equal, same, even, impartial

Note: Agrees with `rājyam`, `prītiḥ`, `sthānam` implicitly, which are neuter (except prītiḥ which is fem. but the predicate is generalized neuter singular).

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, dominion, sovereignty

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects.

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection, love, satisfaction

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - love, affection, pleasure, satisfaction

from root prī (to please, love)

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: One of the subjects.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स्थानम् (sthānam) - place, position, rank

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, stand, rank

from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विजितात्मनाम् (vijitātmanām) - of those who have conquered themselves, of self-controlled ones

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vijitātman

vijitātman - one who has conquered their self (ātman), self-controlled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vijita+ātman)

• vijita – conquered, subdued
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ji (to conquer) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Genitive of possession/relation.

पाण्डवेषु (pāṇḍaveṣu) - in the Pandavas, regarding the Pandavas, towards the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, Pandava

Note: Locative of reference.

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses, indicating a sequence or addition.

युष्मासु (yuṣmāsu) - in you, among you (Kauravas), regarding you

(pronoun)

Locative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Locative of reference, referring to the Kauravas.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, virtue, cosmic law, constitutional order (dharma)

from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

अभ्यधिकः (abhyadhikaḥ) - greater, superior, more

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyadhika

abhyadhika - superior, greater, excessive, abundant

Prefixes: abhi+adhi

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective for `dharmaḥ`.

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore, from that, thence

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here in the sense of 'than that/these' (referring to `rājyam, prītiḥ, sthānam`).